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摘要换热器在石油、化工以及生活等方面占有重要地位，它是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体，使流体温度达到工艺流程规定的指标的热量交换设备。换热器使用的就是导热材料， 常见的或者传统的导热材料或换热器使用的多为导热性能较好的金属材料， 从另一方面来说， 材料会与其他物质发生化学反应，尤其是金属材料，用金属材料所制的换热器虽然可以起到良好的导热作用，而其耐腐蚀性能差、易结垢、体积大和重量大等缺点严重影响了换热器的发展，随着工业要求以及环保概念的深入和进步， 对换热器导热材料的研究和要求也在不断地进步。本文选择高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）作为材料基体，分别使用鳞片石墨、石墨烯、碳纤文作为导热填料，采用熔融共混法和热压成形法制备出 HDPE/碳材料复合材料，并对原料及样品进行导热测试和表征测试，测试不同填料的掺杂和不同百分比掺杂的填料对基体导热的影响。在同等填充条件下，测得填料对高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）基体导热性能改性的效果为：石墨烯>鳞片石墨>碳纤文。36060
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毕业论文关键词：高密度聚乙烯；聚合物复合材料；换热器；碳材料；导热
Abstract Heat exchangers play an important in the petroleum, chemical industry and lifeand other aspects. In order to make fluid temperature reach a predeterminedtemperature, heat exchangers transfer part heat of heat fluid to cold fluid.Thermal materials is used in heat exchangers, common or tranditional thermalconductive materials used in heat exchangers are metal materials with good thermalconductivity. On the other hand, materials will react with other materials, especiallymetal material, for the poor corrosion resistance, easy to scale, large volume and highweight and other disadvantages, which seriously impact on the development of theheat exchangers. With the industry requirements and the concept of environmentalprotection’s further and progress, the research and requirement of thermalconductivity are constantly progress.In this paper, I choose high-density polyethylene(HDPE) as the material of thesubstrate, respectively, using flake graphite, graphene, carbon fibers as thermalconductive filler. HDPE/carbon composite material can be prepared by using meltingblending and hot pressing. I make some tests (i.e. thermal conductivity test) on rawmaterials and samples. I test different percentages of carbon materials’ affect onthermal conductivity of the composite .The enhanced heat transfer effect of differentfillers is in the order of garphene>flake graphite>carbon fibers under the same contentof fiber.
KeyWord: HDPE; polymer composites; heat exchangers; carbon materials; thermalconductivity
目录
1绪论.1
1.1研究的背景1
1.3物质的传热机理1
1.3.1传热的基本类型2
1.3.2传热的基本规律2
1.4提高高分子材料导热性能的途径3
1.4.1基体的选择3
1.4.2导热填料的选择3
1.5基体简介4
1.5.1聚乙烯简介4
1.5.2聚乙烯导热方面的研究5
1.6碳材料填料简介5
1.6.1鳞片石墨简介5
1.6.2石墨烯简介5
1.6.3碳纤文简介6
1.7碳材料导热机理6
1.8聚合物复合材料导热模型6
1.8.1粒子填充高分子导热模型7
1.8.2纤文填料模型..10
1.8.3片状填料预测模型..11
1.9薄膜材料制备及导热测试..11
2实验部分..12
2.1实验原料及设备12
2.1.1实验试剂与原料12
2.1.2实验仪器设备12
2.2实验方法13
2.2.1制备样品..13
2.2.2制备样品薄膜..16
2.3试验样品的表征测试17
2.3.1XRD测试...18
2.3.2SEM测试...18
2.4导热测试..19
2.4.1薄膜固体导热测试..19
2.4.2块状固体导热测试..20
3结论与分析..21