摘要路径规划是移动机器人自主导航的关键任务之一。路径规划技术发展至今,诞生了许多优秀的算法,本文介绍了几种常见的全局和局部路径规划方法,并分别指出了其优点和不足。另外,本文还介绍了扇区曲率法(BCM)以及对这种方法的改进。还有,本文将启发估价函数引入到Morphin算法之中,使得路径搜索方向更易于趋向目标点,利用滚动窗口规划算法,通过自适应自主车速度调整滚动窗口大小,在确保车辆安全的前提下,减小搜索范围,进行有效的局部避障。65989
毕业论文关键词 局部路径规划 扇区曲率法 Morphin算法
毕业设计说明书(论文)外文摘要
Title Local Obstacle Avoidance Under the Environment Of Unstructured Road
Abstract
Path planning is one of the key missions of autonomous navigation. As far as the path planning technology has developed, many excellent algorithms have been proposed. This paper introduced several common global and local path planning algorithms whose advantages and disadvantages were pointed out. Additionally, this paper introduced the classical beam curvature method and the improved Beam Curvature Method. This paper also bring valuation function into morphin algorithms which makes the path searching direction easier to tend to target. This paper used the sliding window algorithm to adjust the size of the window by the speed of autonomous land vehicle. Under the ensurance of driving safety, we can reduce the search area and avoid the obstacle effectively.
Keywords local path planning beam curvature method morphin algorithm
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 移动机器人的应用及研究意义 1
1.2 移动机器人自主导航与路径规划 1
1.3 全局路径规划 2
1.3.1 图搜索法 2
1.3.2 基于RoadMap的方法 2
1.3.3 栅格法 3
1.4 局部路径规划 4
1.4.1 人工势场法 4
1.4.2 VFH算法 5
1.4.3 模糊逻辑算法 5
1.4.4 启发式搜索算法 5
1.4.5 基于滚动窗口的算法 6
1.5 本文的组织安排 6
2 机器人的软硬件体系结构 7
2.1 机器人的软件体系结构 7
2.2 机器人的硬件体系结构 8
2.2.1 车体运动学模型 8
2.2.2 视觉传感器 8
2.2.3 超声波传感器 9
2.2.4 激光传感器 10
3 速度空间寻优方法及改进 10
3.1 常见的速度空间寻优方法 10
3.2 环境表示的网格和几何表示 10
3.2.1 网格和路边的表示 11
3.2.2 智能车速度空间上的移动障碍物预测