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摘要：随着现代生产加工技术的不断发展，对于仪器仪表的要求也不段加强，使得仪器仪表的发展逐渐趋于自动化、智能化、高精度化、一体化等特点。在工业生产中零部件刚度值的大小是零部件的重要性能指标，关键零部件的刚度是否达标对于系统中体来说至关重要，因此，对于某些零部件刚度值的测量十分必要。汽车外层薄板刚度的大小，是汽车的性能指标之一，是必须进行检测的指标。虽然汽车的这些零件都经过有限元法等方法计算校验过，但是由于车身结构复杂性，使得这些计算十分有限，不能面面俱到。对于这类特殊的大型覆盖件刚度测量研究有着重要的实际意义。
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传统的刚度测量方法是光学测距和砝码加载，这种测量方法有有一些缺陷：测量结果不准确、测量结果存在误差耗费额外的人力物力等。对比传统方法，本文主要介绍借助高精度传感器来实现对这类大型薄板零部件刚度的测量,提高了测量的精度和灵敏度。系统中主要包括运动控制模块、测量模块和显示模块三部分。在本设计中，采用单片机控制步进电机的运转，电机驱动测量头的移动。力传感器与位移传感器将采集的数据送入单片机中计算，计算得到的刚度值输送到显示器，直接显示刚度值的大小。38056
在步进电机运转的部分，设计的驱动控制电路使得单片机的输出信号能够控制电机的运作。力传感器输出的模拟信号经过A/D转换电路转换成数字信号输送给单片机。最后通过单片机控制显示器显示。所选的传感器的精度较高，也使得测量的结果更加准确；测量系统的体积较小，便于携带，适用于不同场合的测量实验；合理的电路设计，使得电机工作平稳，测量结果也更可靠。
毕业论文关键词 刚度、载荷、位移
The system design of the stiffness of the plate
Abstract:With the continuous development of modern manufacturing technology, the requirement of the instrumentation is also strengthening ,which makes the development of the instruments tend to be automatic,intelligent ,high precision and integration. The stiffness value of the production is an important performance index in the industrial production ,whether the stiffness value of the key part of the system reached standards is essential. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the stiffness value of the parts. For example ,The value of the automotive panel directly affects vehicle’s safety and performance, although these parts of the car has passed through finite element method ,due to the complexity of the structure, however, the calculation is very limited. The research of the stiffness of the large special panel has important practical significance.
The traditional method of stiffness measurement is manually loading weight and measuring displacement, which not only has poor measurement precision,low working efficiency,but also does great harm to the tester’s eyesight. Compared with the traditional method ,this paper mainly introduces the measurement of the large plate’s stiffness,which improves the measuring accuracy and sensitivity. The system mainly consists of motion controlling module,measuring module and displaying module. In this design, the MCU controls stepper motor, the measuring head moving up and down driven by stepper motor. The data collected by the force sensor and displacement sensor will be sent to single-chip to calculate and the calculated stiffness value will be delivered to the display.
The designed driving controlling circuit makes the MCU ’s output signal can control the operation of the motor. The analog signal output by the force sensor is converted into digital signal and then transmits to the MCU. Finally, the MCU controls the display. The selected high precision sensor makes the measure results more accurate; the volume of the measure system is small, which is portable and is suitable for different occasions; the reasonable designed circuit makes the motor working smoothly and more reliable measure results.
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