摘要近二十年来,我国正逐步调整、完善流转税体制。1994年,我国建立了规范化的“生产型增值税”,同时明确了营业税、增值税的不同征收范围;2009年,我国对增值税进行改革,将原来的生产型增值税转为消费型增值税,二者主要区别在于后者在计算增值税额时,允许纳税人对当期购入的固定资产在销售额中进行抵扣;2012年,我国开始试行营业税改征增值税方案,上海交通运输业和部分的现代服务业成为首批试点,并在接下来的一年半中,逐步扩大试点范围。64468
本文首先通过对“营改增”的主要内容、必要性、可行性等问题进行分析,得出我国需要实行、并具备实行“营改增”政策的条件,以此作为本论文的研究基础。然后以“营改增”对企业的影响为出发点,理论分析转型后会对企业税负及财务方面会造成如何影响,同时结合对中国东方航空股份有限公司(以下简称东方航空)的案例分析进一步分析税收转型对企业的影响。
毕业论文关键词 营业税 增值税 营改增 影响
毕 业 论 文 外 文 摘 要
Title Impact on China's enterprises Caused by Substituting the VAT for Business Tax
Abstract During the past two decades, China has gradually adjusted and improved the turnover tax system. In 1994, China established a standardized "production VAT";In 2009, China converted the original production-based value-added tax to consumption-based value-added tax ,the main difference is that the latter allows taxpayers to deduct fixed assets from the sales in the calculation of the VAT ;In 2012, China began the trial of substituting he value-added tax for business tax .The tax reform took place in the transport industry and part of the modern service industry in Shanghai firstly, and in the next year and a half ,it gradually expanded the scope.
This essay analyze the main contents, necessity, feasibility,problems and countermeasures of the tax reform as the research base. And then make theoretical analysis of the impact on China's enterprises caused by substituting the VAT for Business Tax, combined with case studies on China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited (hereinafter referred to as Eastern Airlines).
Keywords Business tax VAT The substitution of the VAT for business tax Impact
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究内容 1
1.1 研究方法 2
2 营业税和增值税的理论概述4
2.1 营业税概述 4
2.2 增值税概述 6
2.3 营业税与增值税的区别 8
3 “营改增”的主要内容及背景 10
3.1 “营改增”的主要内容 10
3.2 “营改增”的背景 10
4 “营改增”企业影响的理论分析 13
4.1 “营改增”对企业税负的影响 13
4.2 “营改增”对会计核算的影响 14
4.3 “营改增”对财务指标的影响 15
4.4 “营改增”对企业定价的影响 17
5 “营改增”对企业影响的案例分析 19
5.1 东方航空公司简介 19
5.2 “营改增”对东方航空的影响 19
6 研究结论和建议 23
6.1 研究结论 23
6.2 建议 23
致谢 26
参考文献 27
1 绪论