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摘要：杂草稻在世界稻田中已危害严重。已有大量的研究表明，杂草稻源自栽培稻的退化。原花青素是杂草稻与栽培稻的重要区别特征之一。因此，我们推测原花青素可能对于杂草稻的抗逆性具有重要的作用。本文以含原花青素的杂草稻WRL-162和不含原花青素的栽培稻日本晴为材料，分别研究在不同环境条件下，原花青素对杂草稻和栽培稻的种子萌发的影响。结果表明，常温下，原花青素对杂草稻和栽培稻种子萌发有抑制作用，1%PA处理的抑制作用最强；干旱胁迫下，原花青素对杂草稻和栽培稻种子萌发有促进作用。ABA和GA合成和分解抑制剂处理下，PA与GA合成抑制剂的作用接近。综上结果，原花青素对杂草稻和栽培稻种子的萌发具有抑制作用，在干旱条件下表现为较弱的促进作用，但其具体生理机制还有待进一步探讨。25555
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毕业论文关键词：原花青素；杂草稻；栽培稻；种子萌发
Effects of proanthocyanidins on seed germination of weedy rice and cultivated rice
Abstract： Weedy rice has been a serious disaster in the world. A large number of studies have shown that weedy rice is degraded from cultivated rice. Proanthocyanidins are one of the important differences between weedy rice and cultivated rice. Therefore, we hypothesized that proanthocyanidins might play an important role in weed adaptation in weedy rice. In this paper, the effects of proanthocyanidins on the seed germination of weedy rice and cultivated rice under different environmental conditions were studied by using the weedy rice WRL-162 containing proanthocyanidins and the cultivated rice without proanthocyanidins as the materials. The results showed that under normal temperature, procyanidins had inhibitory effects on the seed germination of weedy rice and cultivated rice, the strongest inhibitory effect of the 1%PA treatment. Under drought stress, procyanidins had promoting effect on the seed germination of weedy rice and cultivated rice. Under the treatment of ABA and GA synthesis and decomposition inhibitors, PA and GA synthesis inhibitors act close to each other. In conclusion, Proanthocyanidins can inhibit the germination of weedy rice and cultivated rice seeds, but play a weaker role in drought conditions. However, the specific physiological mechanism remains to be further explored.
Key words: proanthocyanidins；weedy rice；cultivated rice；seed germination
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1材料与方法2
1.1材料 2
1.2方法 2
1.2.1常温萌发处理2
1.2.1.1光照2
1.2.1.2黑暗2
1.2.2耐旱处理2
1.2.2.1光照2
1.2.2.2黑暗2
1.2.3 ABA和GA的合成和分解抑制剂处理2
2结果与分析3
2.1常温萌发处理3
2.1.1光照3
2.1.2黑暗4
2.2耐旱实验5
2.2.1光照5
2.2.2黑暗6
2.3 ABA和GA的合成和分解抑制剂处理8
3讨论 13
致谢14
参考文献14
原花青素对杂草稻和栽培稻种子萌发的影响
水稻是世界重要的粮食作物，为全世界半数的人口提供主粮。但由于水资源和农村劳动力的缺乏[1-3]，稻田杂草管理粗放，现在水稻的生产受到越来越严重的杂草危害。在稻田的众多杂草中，杂草稻(O.sativa f. spontanea)是最难防除的杂草之一。
杂草稻是指在稻田或稻田周边耕地里作为杂草类型而伴随栽培稻(O. sativa L.)生长的水稻植株，又被称作杂草型稻或杂草种系，多表现与野生稻(O. rufipogon)相似特性[4]，如颖壳黑色、果皮红色、种子休眠期长、落粒性强，且能适应稻田的生存环境[5]。国内研究者经过大量实验发现，杂草稻对周边环境有极强的适应能力，在适宜温度条件下的所有栽培稻生长区域中，几乎都有杂草稻的发生，其特点与杂草颇为相似，多表现为：传播方式多，繁殖与再生力强，成熟的种子随熟随落，抗逆性强，光合作用效益高等。杂草稻遗传多样性丰富，同时也是一类潜在种子资源[6]。具有耐盐、耐低温、耐旱及耐药等优良特性[7-8]。杂草稻种子休眠期长、落粒性强且能自生[9]，使其能稻田中持续的繁衍生存并入侵栽培稻田。发生较重的杂草稻可导致栽培稻产量和品质降低[10-11]。