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摘要：土壤盐碱化阻碍了土地资源利用和开发，因而快速改良盐碱地为了一项最紧迫的任务。本实验采用快速脱盐技术对盐碱地进行一定周期的脱盐处理，水稻作为供试植物种植于处理后的田块，并以光板地和野生碱蓬为对照，在不同的时期分别采集植物和土壤样品，对植物的生物量以及土壤的理化性质进行研究。实验结果表明：（1）滨海盐碱地pH值始终保持在7.20-8.20之间；（2）种植碱蓬和水稻对土壤的含盐量都有一定的影响，但种植水稻对土壤含盐量的降低效果更为显著，且种植年限越长，含盐量越低；（3）滨海盐碱地的有机质质量分数和全氮含量较低，分别为2.81%和0.87mg/g，且增加速度较慢。综上所述，快速脱盐处理结合生物改良技术对盐碱地的理化性质有一定的改善作用。26222
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毕业论文关键词：盐碱地；水稻；生物量；pH；含盐量；有机质
Abandoned saltsoils rapid improvement technology and mechanism research
Abstract: Soil salinization is an important global environmental problems, and also one of the most important factor to solve the global food production, hinder the use of land resources and development at the same time. Improving rapidly saline-alkali land is one of the most urgent task. This experiment adopts the rapid desalination technology of saline-alkali land for a certain period of desalination processing by rice planted in field, and the bulk soil and the alkaline in the wild as control. And the plant and soil samples were collected at different period. The biomass of the plant and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were studied. The experimental results showed that : (1) the pH value of coastal saline soil was always kept between 7.20-8.20; (2) the alkaline and rice on soil salinity had a certain impact on the salinity of soil, and there was more significant effect on soil salinity by planting rice. The longer the years of plants planted, he salt content of the soil was lower; (3) The organic matter content and total nitrogen content in coastal saline soil were low, which was 2.81% and 0.87mg/g, respectively, and the growth rate was slower. In summary, the rapid desalination treatment combined with biological modification on the physical and chemical properties of saline soil have a certain improvement on saline-alkali land.
Key word: Saline-alkali land; Suaede salsa; Rice; Biomass; pH; Salt; Organic matter
目录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key word 1
1材料与方法 2
1.1试验材料与处理 2
1.1.1实验地点 2
1.1.2实验设计 2
1.2实验方法 3
1.2.1土壤样品采集 3
1.2.2鲜重、干重、含水量 3
1.2.3土壤pH 3
1.2.4土壤含盐量 3
1.2.5土壤有机质 3
1.2.6土壤全氮 3
1.3实验仪器 4
1.4数据统计分析 4
2结果与分析 4
2.1土壤pH 4
2.2土壤含盐量 6
2.3土壤有机质 7
2.4土壤全氮 9
2.5植物生物量 10
2.6植物含水量 11
3讨论 12
4结论 13
致谢 13
参考文献 13
废弃盐场快速改良技术及机制研究
目前，全球盐碱地面积已达9.55×108 hm2。中国现有盐渍土地总面积为1×108hm2[1]，耕地盐碱化760万公顷，近20% 耕地发生盐碱化[2]。主要分布在东北、中北部、西北、滨海和华北五大区域。滨海盐碱地面积高达1500万亩。相关盐碱退化土地的研究主要集中于对盐碱土地的信息获取、动态监测、改良利用、生态保护等方面，很多科学家对盐碱地的分布范围和盐碱化程度进行的监测研究[3-5]。