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摘要：‘滁菊’产于我国华东，易遭受涝害胁迫。利用室外盆栽试验，研究不同添加量生物炭对盆栽‘滁菊’耐涝及其土壤理化性质的影响。试验共设CK（0g.kg-1)、C1(5g.kg-1)、C2(10g.kg-1)、C3(30g.kg-1)、C4(50g.kg-1)、C5(100g.kg-1)6个生物炭添加水平。结果表明：1）与对照相比，施用生物炭能缓解长期降水对‘滁菊’造成的影响，其中100g.kg-1和50g.kg-1水平下‘滁菊’长势较好，株高、茎粗、冠幅、分枝数等显著高于其他处理，生物炭添加量小于50g.kg-1的处理受涝害影响严重，植株长势弱、叶片萎蔫发黄、着花数少、花的外形品质下降、产量损失较大；2）施用生物炭可以改善土壤的排水性，减少积水，进而改善土壤的通气状况，减缓降雨对土壤容重、土壤孔隙度的影响。29039
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毕业论文关键词：‘滁菊’；生物炭；耐涝性；土壤孔隙度；土壤容重
Effects of Biochar Application on the Waterlogging Resistance of Chrysanthemum morifolium Tzvel.’Chuju’
Abstract：’Chuju’ is native to East China.In the area ,where the summer rainfall is large and lasts long and ’Chuju’ is susceptible to waterlogging stress.Through outdoor potting test,this study focus on effects of different amount of biochar on waterlogging resistance of potted Chuju and soil physical and chemical properties. There are six biochar addition levels,which are CK(0g.kg-1)、C1(5g.kg-1)、C2(10g.kg-1)、C3(30g.kg-1)、C4(50g.kg-1)、C5(100g.kg-1). The results showed that: 1) Compared with CK, the application of bio-carbon can alleviate the impact of long-term precipitation on ’Chuju’ . Especially, the plants grow better at 100g.kg-1 and 50g.kg-1 level and their plant height, stem diameter, crown width, branch number and so on are significantly higher than other treatments. While plants with amount of biochar addition less than 50g.kg-1 are seriously affected by the waterlogging.The plants grow weak and the leaves are withered yellow. The number and the quality of flowers is small and decreased and the yield loss is large. 2)Application of biochar can improve the drainage of the soil and reduce the water. And then,it can improve the soil ventilation and reduce the effects of rainfall on soil bulk density and soil porosity.
Key words: Chrysanthemum morifolium Tzvel.’Chuju’；biochar；waterlogging resistance；soil porosity；soil bulk density
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words 1
引言1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 试验材料与试验方法2
1.1.1 试验材料2
1.1.2 试验方法2
1.2 测定项目和方法2
1.3 数据处理3
2 结果与分析3
2.1 夏季强降雨条件下不同添加量生物炭对滁菊生长性状的影响3
2.2 夏季强降雨条件下不同添加量生物炭对滁菊产量性状的影响4
2.3 夏季强降雨条件下添加生物碳对雨期土壤物理性质的影响5
3 讨论 7
致谢8
参考文献9
附录 增施不同量生物碳对减轻滁菊涝害的作用10
图1 添加生物炭处理对模拟降水下土壤容重的影响5
图2 添加生物炭处理对模拟降水下土壤含水量的影响6
表1 夏季强降水胁迫下不同添加量生物炭对滁菊生长性状的影响3
表2 夏季强降水胁迫下不同添加量生物炭对滁菊生长性状的影响4
表3 夏季强降水胁迫下不同添加量生物炭对滁菊产量性状的影响4
表4 添加生物炭处理对模拟降水下土壤孔隙度的影响6
生物炭缓解滁菊涝害的研究
引言
‘滁菊’是安徽省四大道地药材之一，其药用及保健价值居中国四大药菊之首，具有清热祛毒、活血化瘀、延年益寿的功效[1]。是滁州的国家地理标志产品，可栽培于四川、浙江等地。滁菊喜温暖湿润的环境，最适生长温度20℃左右，喜阳光，滁菊耐寒冷，花期能耐-4℃的低温，耐轻霜；稍耐旱，但是如果花期过于干旱，开花则会受影响；怕水涝，栽培土壤湿度过大,易烂根。‘滁菊’对土壤要求不严,喜肥沃、排水良好的沙质壤土或腐殖质壤土,黏土地、低桂地、盐碱地不宜栽培[2]。