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摘要：肥胖和超重在当下变得十分普遍，在大量可获得高热量食物面前和久坐不动的生活方式的驱动下，对全球公共健康构成严重威胁。在畜牧生产中，能量代谢也是一个重要的方面。然而，能量代谢对动物繁殖的影响还需要大量的研究。本实验的目的是研究高脂日粮对小鼠卵巢的影响。方法为：购入三周龄小鼠10只，随机平均分成2 组，实验组每天喂食脂肪含量60%的高脂饲料，对照组每天喂食常规饲料。饲养到15周龄后采集小鼠的卵巢、肝脏、脂肪组织，蜡块包埋后再进行组织切片、HE染色、观察不同发育阶段的卵巢卵泡发育状况、肝脏脂肪化程度等。记录实验结果，进行比较，得出研究结果。两组的体重差异显著，肥胖模型成功建立。肝脏等器官的脏器系数差异显着。小鼠血清检测中孕酮、雌激素、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三脂的浓度，高脂组较对照组差异显著（P<0.05）。38774
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The effects of high - fat diet on ovarian development in mice
Student majoring in Animal Science Gong Sihao
Abstract：Obesity and overweight are are very common at the moment , posing a serious threat to global public health, driven by a large number of high-calorie foods and sedentary lifestyles. Energy metabolism is also an important aspect in animal production, . However, the impact of energy metabolism on animal reproduction also requires a lot of research. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high fat diet on mouse ovarian . The rats were randomly pided into two groups. The experimental group was fed with high fat diet with 60% fat content per day. The control group was fed with regular diet daily. The ovaries, liver and adipose tissue of the mice were collected after the mice were killed at 15 weeks old. The tissue was embedded in paraffin and then subjected to tissue sections and HE staining. The ovarian follicular development status and the degree of hepatic steatosis were observed at different developmental stages. The experimental results were recorded and compared, then the results were obtained. Results show that the body weight of the two groups was significantly different, so the obesity model was established successfully. The difference of organ coefficients of liver and other organs were significant. The concentrations of progesterone, estrogen, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05).
Key words：High fat diet; obesity; ovaries
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1 材料与方法3
1.1 仪器及试剂3
1.1.1 试验仪器 3
1.1.2试验试剂3
1.2 实验动物及试验设计3
1.2.1 实验动物3
1.2.2 实验设计3
1.2.3 试验模型的建立3
1.2.4 试验方法4
1.3 数据处理和统计分析7
2 结果与分析7
2.1 高脂日粮对小鼠体重的影响 7
2.2 各组织脏器指数分析8
2.3 卵巢H&E染色结果、各级卵泡形态8
2.4 肝脏组织H&E染色结果9
2.5 血清检测结果分析10
3 讨论12
致谢12
参考文献13
高脂日粮对小鼠卵巢发育的影响研究
引言
体重增加导致肥胖是由于能量失衡，食物的能量摄入长期超过生命活动和新陈代谢过程所消耗的能量[1]。
脂肪是生命运转的必需品，其在多种疾病的发病机制的信号传导中起一定作用。脂肪里的脂肪酸对我们的大脑、免疫系统乃至生殖系统的正常运作来说十分重要，生殖轴（下丘脑、垂体和性腺）表现出一定“营养传感”的机制，并与营养状况和生育相关[2]。脂肪组织的内分泌功能对性腺的影响人体脂肪组织分为白色脂肪和棕色脂肪两种。棕色脂肪分布于肩、颈、腋窝和肩胛区，主要以产热的方式来释放能量，以抵御体温过低和肥胖。由于成年人拥有的活性棕色脂肪存储量与肥胖呈负相关，因而棕色脂肪在人类肥胖和能量平衡中起到重要作用[3]。白色脂肪广泛分布于皮下网膜等处，不仅是能量储存器官，也是重要的内分泌器官。脂肪组织对性腺的影响主要就是通过释放脂肪因子，如瘦素、脂联素、抑制素和 Ghrelin 等来发挥作用的[4]。