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摘要：银杏作为“植物界的熊猫”，被誉为“植物界的活化石”，银杏叶的价值已在食品、药品等多个领域得到重要体现，具有无限的开发和应用前景。本文主要探讨，采用浓度为75%乙醇水溶液作为溶剂时，从银杏叶中提取银杏叶有效成分的最佳工艺流程，并计算银杏叶提取物的产率。在此基础上，进一步将银杏叶提取物针对一些常见污染菌的抗菌效应做研究，阐明了银杏叶提取物的抑菌特点，为其在食品、化妆品等的防腐方面的应用提供可靠依据。结果表明：1）银杏叶提取物具有一定的抗菌功效，且在提取溶剂为75%乙醇溶液、提取温度为40℃、提取时间为30分钟、料液比为1:25的提取条件下的提取率最佳。2）将银杏叶提取物进行抑菌实验探究，发现银杏叶提取物具有较好的抑菌性，对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度为15mg/ml,对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度为30mg/ml。3）将银杏叶提取物应用到基础膏霜中，与未添加防腐剂的膏霜作对比，抑菌时间延长2倍。39041
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可见，银杏叶提取物具有良好的抗菌性。与其他非植物来源的防腐剂相比，在食品、化妆品中作为防腐剂具有天然、安全的巨大优势和无限的应用前景。
毕业论文关键词：银杏叶，提取工艺，抑菌活性，化妆品
Extract the effective components of ginkgo leafand evaluationof inhibition of bacteria
Abstract:Ginkgo,as the panda and the activationin plant kingdom,the value of ginkgohas been show in food, medicine and other field, have infinite prospectivedevelopment and application.This paper mainly discussesthat the best, simple and fast extract processof extracting ginkgo extract from ginkgo with75% ethyl alcohol as the solvent, and calculate the productivityof Ginkgo extract. On this basis, I made a further study thatantibacterial effecton some common bacteria,clarified the antibacterial characteristics of ginkgo extract. These provide a reliable basis that it is used asantisepticin food, cosmetics and other fields. The results show that, 1)Ginkgo extract has certain antibacterial effect, and show the best productivity in the condition that 75% ethyl alcohol,extracting temperature of 40℃, extracting temperature of 30mint,the ratio of material to solvent at 1:25. 2)Making a explorethat bacteriostaticexperiment of ginkgo extract, it show that ginkgo extract has certain antibacterial effect,15mg/ml isthe minimal inhibitory concentration to Escherichiacoli,30mg/ml
isthe minimal inhibitory concentration to Staphylococcus aureus. 3) Adding ginkgo extract to foundation cream, and comparing with the one without antiseptic,inhibits bacterial time extend 2 times.
In short, ginkgo extract has goodantimicrobial properties. Ginkgo extractcompared with other preservatives, which aren’t extracted from plant,is a good preservative in food, cosmetics, andhas the superiority of natural, safe and infinite prospect of application.
Key word: ginkgo leaves,extraction process, antimicrobial activities, cosmetic
目录
1.前言 1
1.1 化妆品发展现状 1
1.2.银杏叶国内外研究现状 2
1.2.1银杏叶有效成分 2
1.2.2 银杏叶有效成分的应用 3
1.3本课题研究的目的和意义 4
2.实验原理与方法 6
2.1 实验原料与仪器设备 6
2.1.1 实验原料 6
2.1.2 实验仪器与设备 7
2.2 实验步骤 8
2.2.1银杏叶粗提物的提取 8
2.2.2银杏叶粗提物抗菌效果的测定 13
2.2.3 膏霜的配制 15
2.2.4银杏叶提取物在膏霜中抑菌性的测试方法 18
2.2.5含银杏叶有效成分膏霜性能的测试方法 19