检测CN的荧光传感器的开发,可以在含水介质中使用比只能在有机溶剂中检测的传感器更有意义。基于金属离子置换反应的传感器已发现适用于在含水介质中检测CN。
(3) 配体与CN反应
Schmittel等设计了两个钌络合物,以检测CN[56]。在乙腈中,此两个化合物472 nm和472 nm激发在732 nm处都有着微弱的发射。但在探针溶液中一旦加入2 eq CN,732 nm处的发射带消失,同时R17在624 nm,R18在614 nm处出现新的发射带。这些变化是因为CN与醛基发生亲核加成。此外,向含有R17和R18的溶液中加入CN,肉眼可以发现溶液颜色从橙红色变为黄色。
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