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摘 要：刘湾是从盛唐过渡到中唐时期的小诗人，工诗，有名于当时。在全唐诗以及其他诗歌文献中存其诗六首，生平不详，后人研究甚少。本文就其留存于全唐诗中的六首诗歌，联系前人的评价同时参考唐代盛行的交游之风，试图探究刘湾的生平经历、诗歌创作及其交游事迹。本文首先确认其为彭城刘湾而非西蜀刘湾，一生致力于科考做官，从侍御史到职方郎中，仕途相对顺利但一直官职不高。其次分析其诗歌创作，认为刘湾最擅长写边塞之思，内容主要是同情士兵群众，也有抒发自己的爱国之情；其写景的诗歌不多，主要抒发对命运的感慨，基调悲凉。最后探索分析他与钱起、韦应物、元结等人的交游事迹，认为交游对其的诗歌创作风格有一定的影响。59449
毕业论文关键字：刘湾；生平；诗歌创作；交游
Abstract：Liu Wan is a famous poet who lived in the transitional age from the most prosperous age of Tang Dynasty to the middle Tang Dynasty. He just has six poems included in The Complete Collection of Tang Poems and other classic poetry books. Little was known about his life and few of further studies on Liu Wan can be found. This paper, basing on the six poems, other literature and previous evaluation and reference to the contemporary prevailing friendships , attempts to explore Liu Wan 's life experience, poetry and friendship. Firstly, this article confirms that it is Liu Wan from of Pengcheng rather than Liu Wan from of the west area of Sichuan Province. Liu wan devoted his life to imperial examination and secure an official position ,ranging from attendant censor to staff side official, his official career was relatively smooth but official position did not rank high. Secondly, it analyzes the poetry creation, and thinks that Liu Wan is good at writing the frontier fortress poetry. The content of his poems is mainly about the sympathy for soldiers and masses, as well as his patriotism. His scenic poems are not many few, which mainly express the feeling of fate with the tone of sadness. Finally, this paper explores and analyzes his friendship with Qian Qi, Wei Yingwu, Yuan Jie and others, we considering that his friends have the certain influence on his poetry creation style.
Key words: Liu Wan; Life; Poem creation; Friendship
唐朝，作为我国古典诗歌创作的高峰，涌现出无数在诗歌创作上成就辉煌、名耀千古的大诗人，仅《全唐诗》所收，就有诗人2200余家，诗作48900余首。然而，在全唐诗收录的诗人中，除了那些声名远播的之外，还留存着很多生平不详或者佚名的诗人，他们也为创造唐代诗坛的空前繁荣、成就唐代诗歌的辉煌盛世奉献了许多美好的诗作。刘湾便是其中默默无闻的一家。刘湾因其生平不详，存诗较少，鲜为后人所知，但其诗在盛唐后期到中唐，也有一定影响，与钱起、元结、韦应物等均有交往。他的诗歌创作主要是反映现实，关注民生疾苦，擅长写边塞之思，写景抒情基调悲凉。以下本文试就刘湾的生平经历、诗歌创作及交游事迹做一些初步的探讨。
一、 刘湾生平经历
刘湾，生平不详，据《全唐诗》所录：“刘湾，字灵源，西蜀人，天宝进士，禄山之乱以侍御史居衡阳，与元结相友善。诗六首。” [1] 显然这些文字不足以让我们完全了解刘湾的一生浮沉，为了有丰富的文献支持，让大家对其有更多的了解，我们查阅到以下资料：
《元和姓纂》：“仁瑞曾孙元察，生深、湾。湾，职方郎中，生师老”[2]（P664-665）
《册府元龟》：“朕祗膺宝历，殷鉴远图，虑草泽之遗贤······今者举人，深乖宿望。朕之所问，必正经史，卿等所答，咸皆少通······全不答所问崔慎惑、刘湾等勒为本郡充学生之数，勿许东西。”[3]