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摘要电子罗盘作为导航设备已被广泛使用，和GPS组合是实现导航定位的理想方案。研制高精度的电子罗盘对提高我国导航产品的技术水平具有极其重大的意义，有利于促进航空、航天及国防事业的发展。
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论文介绍了地球磁场的基本理论及磁阻式电子罗盘的工作原理，并详细介绍了基于磁阻传感器HMC1051/2、微处理器STM32F103C的二文电子罗盘硬件设计和软件设计；调节实验平台，测量实验数据，并进行校正；分析各种可能存在的误差，并提出相应的补偿方法；最后针对三文系统，初步提出一种新的方案并对其仿真。
磁阻式电子罗盘具有体积小、精度高、功耗低和成本低等特点，因此在车载等方面具有很大的实用价值。10866
关键词 地磁导航 电子罗盘 磁阻传感器 STM32F103C 误差补偿
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title the research to calibration and correction of electronic compass
Abstract
The electronic compass is widely applied as navigation instrument, and the combination of electronic compass and GPS is considered as an ideal program of heading and orientation. It is extremely significant to develop electronic compass of high precision to improve the technical level of navigation products in China, and it has advantages to improve the development of aviation, aerospace and national defense.
The paper introduces the basic theory of the Earth’s magnetic field, and the principles of the magnetoresistive electronic compass. Then it describes the hardware and software designing of two-dimensional electronic compass in detail, basing on magnetoresistive sensor HMC1051/2 and microprocessor STM32F103C; adjust the experimental platform, measure and correct the experimental data; on a variety of possible errors in analysis, it proposes a corresponding compensation approach; finally it puts forward a new scheme for three-dimensional system Preliminary and make the simulation.
Magnetoresistive electronic compass is of small volume, high precision, low power and cost and so on, so it is of great practical value in automotive and others.
Keywords Geomagnetic navigation; Electronic compass; Magnetoresistive sensor; STM32F103C; Error compensation;
目次
1 绪论 1
1.1研究背景和选题意义 1
1.2本文的主要工作 2
2 电子罗盘的测量原理 3
2.1地球磁场 3
2.2 地磁图和地磁模型 4
2.3坐标系与姿态角定义 4
2.4二文系统测量原理 6
3 电子罗盘系统的设计 7
3.1系统结构框图 7
3.2 系统选型 8
3.2.1 磁阻传感器 8
3.2.2单片机STM32F103C 9
3.3系统硬件设计 11
3.3.1 数据采集模块 11
3.3.2 经纬仪校正模块 11
3.4系统软件设计 11
4 实验数据及标定校正 13
4.1数据采集与分析 13
4.2软件修正 15
5 系统误差分析与修正 18
5.1系统幅值误差与零点漂移 19
5.2 地球磁场的变化 19
5.3 温度影响 19
5.4铁磁材料的影响 20
6 三文系统 20
6.1普通设计方案 20
6.2本文设计方案 20
6.3地磁要素计算 22