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摘要: 由于地铁客流量大、人员集中、车厢密集度大、活动空间小,一旦发生火灾,极易造成群死群伤。本文采用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS对不同条件下地铁车厢内的火灾发展蔓延特性进行研究，着重探讨了地铁在静止和运动两种状态下，不同火灾规模和发展方式对地铁车厢内火灾蔓延特性的影响。数值模拟结果表明：地铁运行状态和火源发展特性对人员疏散有着明显的不同影响，地铁列车内发生点火源燃烧时，列车处于运动状态下的疏散效果比静止时好，有更多的时间进行人员撤离，且温度比静止时略低一些。而在发生蔓延型火灾时，运动状态下车厢火灾情况与在静止时差别不大，运动状态下风速作用反而会使火源燃烧的更快。39007
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毕业论文关键词：地铁车厢;烟气运动;FDS场建模；火灾蔓延
Subway car fire spread characteristic research
Abstract：As researchers focus, because of the large subway traffic carriage intensity big, the space is small, in the event of fire, easy to cause group die group of injury. In this paper, the fire dynamics simulation software FDS to different conditions in the subway car fire spread characteristic, emphatically discusses the subway in the condition of both stationary and movement, different fire scale and development way for fire spreading features of the subway car. The numerical simulation results show that the subway running state and fire source, there are different development characteristics of evacuation, point fire burning occurs in the subway train, train moving under the evacuation effect is better than resting, have more time for evacuation, and the temperature slightly lower than when stationary. Type and spread in the event of a fire, the movement state of compartment fire situation with a huge difference, when still motion wind speed effect will make a fire to burn faster.
Key Words：underground Compartment; Fire; Smoke Movement；FDS Field Modeling；fire spread
目录
1.绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 3
1.2.1全尺寸试验 3
1.2.2模型实验 4
1.2.3数值模拟 4
1.3本文研究内容和方法 5
2.火灾模拟的基本理论和方法 7
2.1基本理论和方法 7
2.1.1烟气流动基本守恒方程 7
2.1.2湍流模型 8
2.1.3燃烧模型 8
2.1.4数值模拟 9
2.2FDS简介 9
2.2.1软件理论特点及方法 10
2.2.2软件的应用限制 11
3.数值模拟实验方案 12
3.1模型方案概况 12
3.1.1模型概况 12
3.1.2四种实验方案的概述 13
3.2FDS模型的建立 13
3.2.1网格的确定 13
3.2.2边界条件确定 14
3.2.3建立火源及火源位置 15
3.2.4定义输出的变量 16