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目前，对于葡萄籽的开发主要集中于榨油（葡萄籽油中富含人体必需且自身不能合成的亚油酸）及提取其中的天然抗氧化成分低聚原花青素(OPC，Oligomeric proanthocyanidins)。近年来，研究发现葡萄籽及其衍生物具有更多的用途。Adámez等研究发现葡萄籽提取物对格兰仕阳性菌及阴性菌均有明显的抑制作用[2]；Su等发现葡萄籽提取物能够控制HAV、FCV-F9、MNV-1的三种食源性病毒引发的病害[3]；Afonso等研究表明葡萄籽中的酚类复合物能够抑制Angiotensin I converting enzyme的活性，可用于治疗心血管疾病[4]；同时，葡萄籽提取物对风湿性关节炎[5]、镉诱导的肾损伤[6]、膀胱癌有一定的疗效[7]。此外，Reddy等及Shi等将葡萄籽提取物用于羊肉切片及银鲤的冷藏保鲜[8][9]；Okaman等还通过化学活化途径将葡萄籽制成活性炭[10]。但是长期以来-751|文\论/文'网www.751com.cn，对葡萄籽的重要组分蛋白质（约占总重的8.44-25.9%）关注度较低，早期主要集中于葡萄籽蛋白的分离提取技术[11][12]，近年来，Pesavento等利用MALDI-MS分析了不同栽培品种葡萄籽蛋白的区别，但没有鉴定具体的成分[13]；Gazzola等利用LC-MS/MS技术发现葡萄籽胚乳蛋白主要成分与植物种子蛋白11S globulin同源，并鉴定出一种分子量为43 kDa且与豆科种子7S globulins高度同源的蛋白[14]。葡萄籽蛋白的营养学价值及应用潜力需要进一步挖掘。44203
因此，本研究主要通过双向电泳结合质谱鉴定技术论文网、氨基酸含量分析以及红外光谱分析技术，初步研究了葡萄籽蛋白的主要成分及生化特性，为葡萄籽的综合利用和深度开发提供了理论依据。
参考文献
[1] Prodanov M, Vacas V, Hernández T, et al. Chemical characterization of Malvar grape seeds (Vitis Vinifera L.) by ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC-PAD-MS[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2013, 31(2): 284-292.
[2] Adámez J D, Samino E G, Sánchez E V, et al. In vitro estimation of the antibacterial activity and antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts from grape-seeds (Vitis vinifera L.)[J]. Food Control, 2012, 24(1): 136-141.
[3] Su X, D’Souza D H. Grape seed extract for foodborne virus reduction on produce[J]. Food Microiology, 2013, 34(1): 1-6.
[4] Afonso J, Passos C P, Coimbra M A, et al. Inhibitiory effect of phenolic compounds from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) on the activity of angiotensin I converting enzyme[J]. LWT-food Science and Technology, 2013, 54: 265-270.
[5] Ahmad S F, Zoheir K M A, Abel-Hamied H E, et al. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract has potent anti-arthritic effects on collagen-induced arthritis by modifying the T cell balance[J]. International Immunopharmacology, 2013, 17(1): 79-87.
[6] Chen Q, Zhang R, Li W, et al. The protective effect of grape seed procyanidin extract against cadmium-induced renal oxidative damage in mice[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2013, 36(3): 759-768.
[7] Raina K, Tyagi A, Kumar D, et al. Role of oxidative stress in cytotoxicity of grape seed extract in human bladder cancer cells[J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2013, 61: 187-195.
[8] Reddy G B B, Sen A R, Nair P N, et al. Effect of grape seed extract on the oxidative and microbial stability of restructured mutton slices[J]. Meat Science, 2013, 95(2): 288-294.
[9] Shi C, Cui J, Yin X, et al. Grape seed and clove bud extracts as natural antioxidants in silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during chilled storage: Effect on lipid and protein oxidation[J]. Food Control, 2014, 40: 134-139.
[10] Okaman I, karagöz S, Tay T, et al. Activated Carbons from grape seeds by chemical activation with potassium carbonate and potassium hydroxide[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 293(28): 138-142.