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    摘要：大肠埃希菌不仅是人类和动物的重要病原菌，而且也是重要的共生菌，并因其是一些耐药基因的贮存库，常作为耐药性指示菌。动物来源的耐药大肠埃希菌可能通过各种途径传给人类，且耐药基因可能在不同菌种转移，导致治疗失败，威胁人类健康，故对大肠杆菌耐药性的监测十分必要。本文拟对江苏不同猪场分离的大肠杆菌进行耐药性调查。本次实验共采集猪肛门拭子样品83份，共分离鉴定出43株大肠杆菌。并同时检测了阿莫西林、多粘菌素等十几种常用抗菌药对其的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果表明在江苏地区内猪源大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药存在严重的耐药性，尤其以磺胺嘧啶、氨苄西林、氟苯尼考三种药最为严重，菌株耐药率高达100%，其余8种常用抗生素也呈现不同程度的耐药率，进一步分析，发现菌株存在多重耐药现象，且耐药谱复杂多样，多重耐药菌株主要表现为对9种抗菌药耐药。结果提示，不同猪场分离的大肠杆菌对常用抗菌药的耐药现象日益严重，应当引起重视，该结果不仅为养猪场提供用药参考，同时也为猪场建立细菌耐药性数据库提供基础。29071
    毕业论文关键词：猪源大肠杆菌；耐药性；抗菌药；MIC；PCR
    Analysis of drug resistance of Escherichia coli to commonly used antibiotics in veterinary clinics
    Abstract： Escherichia coli is not only an important pathogen of humans and animals, but also an important symbiotic bacteria. As a drug-resistant gene storage, it is often regarded as a drug-resistant indicator bacteria. Drug-resistant Escherichia coli from animal-derived may be transmitted to humans through a variety of routes, and drug-resistant genes may be transferred in different strains, leading to treatment failure and threatening human health. It is necessary to monitor the resistance of Escherichia coli. In this paper, we investigated the drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from different pig farms in Jiangsu. A total of 83 swine samples were collected and finally 43 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated and identified. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ten commonly used antimicrobial agents against E. coli strains were detected The results showed that E. coli strains isolated from pigs in Jiangsu province presented serious resistance to common antibiotics, especially to sulfadiazine, ampicillin and florfenicol, and the resistant rate was up to 100%. Other 8 commonly used antibiotics also showed resistance to some degree. Further analysis show that it existd multiple drug resistance phenomenon and multi-drug resistance profiles were complex and perse. The high frequency of multi-drug resistant profiles was mainly to 9 kinds of antimicrobial resistance. The results suggest that the resistance of E. coli isolated from different pig farms is becoming more and more serious. It should not only pay attention to the pig farms, but also provide the basis for establishing the database of bacterial resistance in pig farms.
    Key words: Escherichia coli; drug resistance; antimicrobial agents; MIC; PCR
    目  录
    摘要.1
    关键词.1
    Abstract..........1
    Key words..1
    引言（或绪论）.1
    1 材料与方法.................2
    1.1材料...2
    1.1.1主要器材和设备...2
    1.1.2抗菌药及其配置过程...2
    1.1.3培养基及其制备...3
    1.2方法...2
    1.2.1细菌的分离和鉴定...3
    1.2.1.1样品采集 ..........3
    1.2.1.2细菌培养....................3
    1.2.1.3初步鉴定....................3
    1.2.1.4生化实验....................3
    1.2.1.5PCR鉴定....................3
    1.2.2药敏试验..............4
    1.2.2.1菌悬液的制备..............4
    1.2.2.2MIC测定..............4
    2 结果与分析.4
    2.1 细菌的分离鉴定......4
    2．1.1 病料的分离及初步鉴定..4
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