配电网单相接地故障定位方法研究

菜单

摘要配电网中主要使用小电流接地方式，配网是一个极其庞大的系统，它馈线分支数较多，馈线所在环境恶劣，所以配网容易出现单相接地故障。而且是所有故障中出现概率最高的，因为故障电流较小，线电压仍旧保持平衡，所以配网能够正常使用一段时间。因此我们可以在这时间内通过故障定位的方法实现故障隔离，恢复非故障线路的供电，这样我们不仅提高了供电的可靠，而且减少人民的经济损失[ ]。51686

我们主要分析小电流接地方式下出现单相接地故障时，我们主要是通过研究零序电流的比相法和比幅法来完成单相接地故障的定位。在面对配电网谐振接地系统时，由于消弧线圈能够补偿的系统电流，从而导致配电网的故障电流的幅值减小、相位也发生变化，这样使得我们在故障定位的时候遇到很严峻的问题。但是如何解决这个问题，我们通过研究分析找到了通过调节消弧线圈参数大小使得零序电流特性发生相应的变化来实现配网故障定位的方法[ ]。想要得到我们所需要的数据信息来实现故障定位，我们还需要一些系统与一些设备来辅助完成。即系统主站和远方检测终端。系统主站主要功能是：接收远方数据信息、数据信息操作处理、故障定位判断、发送控制命令功能等，检测终端有FTU和RTU等，主要对馈线零序电压与零序电流等数据信息的搜集。由于数据需要传输，所以我们利用光纤通信系统技术来实现各数据的同步采样与传输，其可靠性较高。最后我们通过主站收到各处传来的数据，迅速计算分析，判断出故障点位置，立即隔离故障馈线，确保非故障馈线的正常供电[ ]。

毕业论文关键词：配电网单相接地故障检测终端比相法和比幅法光纤通信

Study on location method of single phase to earth fault in distribution network

Abstract

Distribution network is mainly using small current grounding network is a very large system, a few more of its branch feeder, feeder where the environment is bad, so the distribution network to single phase to ground fault. And in all accidents occur probability highest, because the fault current is small, the line voltage still maintain a balance, so the distribution network can be normal use for a period of time. Therefore, we can in this time by accident localization method to realize the fault isolation, to restore the power supply of the non accident line, so that we can not only improve the reliability of the power supply, but also do not reduce the economic losses of the people.

We mainly analyze the small current grounding mode appears when the single phase to earth fault, we mainly through the study of zero sequence current ratio method and amplitude comparison method to complete the single-phase ground accident location. In the grounding system in distribution network resonant face, due to the elimination of arc suppression coil can compensate system current, resulting in reduced the amplitude of the fault current of distribution network, phase changes. This allows us serious problems encountered in the location of the accident. But how to solve this problem, we through the research analysis found by adjusting the fire parameters of arc suppression coil size makes the characteristics of zero sequence current change corresponding to realize the method of distribution network fault location. To get what we need data to achieve the accident location, we also need some system and some of the equipment to complete. Master system and remote detection terminal. Master system main function is: receiving distance data information, data information processing, judge the fault location, send control commands and functions, detection terminal with FTU and RTU, mainly collect the data information of the feeder line's zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current. Because of the requirement of data transmission, so we use optical fiber communication system technology to realize the data synchronous sampling and transmission. It has high reliability. Finally, the station received throughout the data, fast Speed calculation and analysis, to determine the location of the accident point, immediately isolate the accident feeder, to ensure the normal power supply of non accident feeders.