摘 要《嘉莉妹妹》是由美国著名小说家西奥多•德莱塞在1900年写的，故事讲述了在十九世纪末美国特定的环境下，天真无邪的“农村少女”嘉莉离开她的家乡进入大城市，在她遇到不同的人，最后她变得更加独立，成为一个著名的明星。论文采用文本分析和文献研究的方法，主要从环境的影响、欲望的控制、“适者生存”的原则和遗传因素来分析自然主义在小说《嘉莉妹妹》中的体现。通过对这些因素的分析，我们更加了解嘉莉妹妹的命运、生活现状，以及她生活的那个社会。希望本论文有助于读者对这部小说的理解。34553
毕业论文关键词：嘉莉妹妹；自然主义；环境；欲望
Abstract Sister Carrie is written by Theodore Dreiser, a famous American novelist in 1900. Sister Carrie tells the story of a specific environment in the United States at the end of the 19th century. Carrie, an innocent rural girl left her hometown and went to big cities. She met different people at that time. She became more and more independent and finally became a famous star. This paper adopts the methods of text analysis and material research, and mainly analyzes the embodiment of naturalism in Sister Carrie from the influence of environment, the control of desire, the rule of “survival of the fittest” and the genetic factor. Through the analysis of these factors, we know more about Carrie’s fate, living situation, and the society which Carrie lived in. Hopefully this paper will be beneficial for readers to understand the novel better.
Key words: Sister Carrie; naturalism; environment; desire
On the Embodiment of Naturalism in Sister Carrie
Contents
摘 要i
Abstractii
I. Introduction 1
II. On Sister Carrie 2
2.1 The Plot of Sister Carrie 2
2.2 The Background for Sister Carrie 3
III. Naturalism 4
3.1 The Development of Naturalism 4
3.2 The Viewpoints of Naturalism 5
IV. The Embodiment of Naturalism 6
4.1The Influence of Environment 6
4.2 The Control of Desire 8
4.3 The Influence of Genetic Factors 9
4.4 The Rule of “Survival of the Fittest” 10
V. Conclusion 12
Bibliography 14
Acknowledgements 15
I. Introduction
Sister Carrie is the first novel of American novelist Theodore Dreiser, which is considered as the beginning of naturalistic writing techniques. Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945), known as one of American greatest writers and the leader of American naturalism, was remembered for his stinging criticism of the genteel tradition. Howells described him as the “smiling aspects of life” typifying America. Sister Carrie tells the story that a girl, Carrie, who left her innocent city for a commodity, and finally became an actress in the big cities. In the novel, Dreiser connected desire to extinction, doubt to horror. Finally, he showed a moving and powerful novel to readers. The novel takes transitional period of the old and new industrial city as the background. As a representative of naturalism, Theodore Dreiser truly reproduced American metropolis life at the end of the 19th century and the early 20th century, and put his bitterness into the work. Sister Carrie is taken as an example to analyze the features of naturalism. As Sinclair Lewis said, “He cleared the way, writing style shifted into confession, outspoken and works full of passion. If it had not been for his advocacy, no doubt, if not of us is willing to go to jail, who dare to live performance, performance beauty, show fear”(123).
According to naturalism, man is shaped by heredity and environment. They tend to show “true-to-life” description without selection. They also show that man are struggling for survival. Sister Carrie gives some descriptions of naturalism. We can know from the influence of environment, the control of desire, the rule of “survival of the fittest” and the influence of genetic factors. That’s why I choose to study naturalism in the novel Sister Carrie. 论自然主义色彩在《嘉莉妹妹》中的体现:http://www.751com.cn/yingyu/lunwen_32078.html