基于二维PSD的发光点运动轨迹测量系统设计

摘要Position Sensitive Detector(简称PSD位置敏感探测器）是一种基于非均匀半导体横向光电效应的光电探测器件。本文是利用二文 PSD 来测量发光点的运动轨迹，光源发射一定频率的脉冲光，经调制系统照射于PSD光敏面上，PSD四端输出极输出相应电流信号，经过电路处理及换算可得出光点在PSD上的位置坐标。为了测量发光点的运动轨迹，本文主要设计了二文 PSD的驱动电路，对 PSD 的输出电流信号进行电压转换电路设计、信号调理电路设计，并经低通滤波后经由 AD 转换器采集，送至 EP3(FPGA)系列的 EP3C5E144C8N，实时计算光点位置。重点介绍 I/V 转换电路的工作原理及优缺点，AD 高速转换芯片 MAX1304 测试原理及时序控制和后续数据处理的芯片 FPGA(EP3C5E144C8N)+AVR 单片机（ATMEGA128）。本文还研究了不同光强下 PSD 后续电路处理时所可能遇到的情况，简单的制定了对策。最后做出了电路板，进行了信号测量，对出现的误差进行了简单分析，为后续 PSD的使用打好了基础。 27355
毕业论文关键词   Position Sensitive Detector（PSD） I/V转换电路   MAX1304时序控制
Title    Based on the two-dimensional PSD luminous point    trajectory measurement system
Abstract Position Sensitive Detector (PSD for short) is a photoelectric detection device based on the lateral photoelectric effect of the inhomogeneous semiconductor. In this paper, we use two dimensional PSD and optical lens combination to measure the trajectory of the luminous point. Light source emits pulsed light with a certain frequency. And it is irradiated on the photosensitive surface PSD through the modulation system. The four outputs of PSD output the corresponding current signal pole. After the electric circuit processing and the conversion, we can draw the position coordinate on the PSD. In order to measure the trajectory of the emission point, the driving circuit of the two-dimensional PSD is designed. The driving circuit can make the output current of the PSD signal to design voltage conversion circuit, design signal conditioning circuit, and through the low-pass filtered the AD converter collect, send to EP3 (FPGA) family EP3C5E144C8N and finally calculate the spot position. This paper also study situation that might be encountered when PSD subsequent circuit is processing under different light intensities, and Simply put forward the countermeasures. Finally, we make a circuit board, measure the signal and analyze the error in order to lay the foundation for subsequent PSD engineered.   Keywords    Position Sensitive Detector (PSD) I / V conversion circuit MAX1304 Timing Control
目   次

1 绪论 ... 1
1.1 课题背景和意义 ... 1
1.2 PSD的结构分类及位置坐标计算方法 .. 2
2 总体方案设计 ... 6
2.1 总体方案 . 6
2.2 PSD的选择及常用参数分析 .. 7
3 硬件电路设计 .. 11
3.1 调制光源系统设计    11
3.1.1 激光器的选择 .. 11
3.1.2 调制脉冲信号的产生    11
3.2 电源设计    12
3.2.1 5V电源设计    12
3.2.2 ±5V电源设计 .. 14
3.2.3 +20V电源设计 .. 15
3.2.4 3.3V、 2.5V、1.2V电源设计 . 16
3.3 I/V转换电路设计 . 18
3.3.1 多路开关设计 .. 20
3.3.2 控制开光信号产生电路设计 .. 20
3.4 MAX1304电路设计及其时序控 ... 21 基于二维PSD的发光点运动轨迹测量系统设计:http://www.751com.cn/zidonghua/lunwen_21823.html