摘 要大气污染是我国目前最突出的环境问题之一,工业废气是大气污染物的重要来源。大量工业废气排入大气,必然使大气环境质量下降,给人体健康带来严重危害。在实际应用中，工业废气处理常用的方法有吸附法、吸收法、冷凝、膜分离等。虽然工业废气治理技术目前已经多样化，但每种治理方法都存在一定的适用性和局限性，而且不同排放源的废气组成也千差万别。因此，对于企业来说，统筹工业废气物的种类、性质、浓度、净化要求和经济性等因素，综合选择适当的有机废气治理方法显得至关重要。6671
吸收解吸是石油化工生产过程中较常用的重要单元操作过程。吸收过程是利用气体混合物中各个组分在液体(吸收剂)中的溶解度不同，来分离气体混合物。溶解在吸收剂中的溶质和在气相中的溶质存在溶解平衡，当溶质在吸收剂中达到溶解平衡时，溶质在气相中的分压称为该组分在该吸收剂中的饱和蒸汽压。当溶质在气相中的分压大于该组分的饱和蒸汽压时，溶质就从气相溶入液相中，称为吸收过程。当溶质在气相中的分压小于该组分的饱和蒸汽压时，溶质就从液相逸出到气相中，称为解吸过程。
工业上常利用旋风分离气来除去废气中所含的粉尘，当含尘气体通过旋风分离器时就因离心力的作用甩向器壁，从而沿锥形部分落下，从而达到分离的效果。
关键词：工业废气；吸收；解析；分离
Absorption and desorption tower and cyclone separation process control system design
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the most prominent environmental problems at present in our country industrial waste gas is an important source of atmospheric pollutants. A large number of industrial waste gas discharged into the atmosphere, is bound to the atmospheric environment quality, brings serious harm to human health. In practical application, commonly used method of industrial waste gas treatment are adsorption, absorption, condensation, membrane separation etc. Although the technology of industrial waste gas treatment has been persified, but each management methods have some advantages and limitations, and the waste gas of different emission sources also differ in thousands of ways. Therefore, to the enterprise, factors, properties, concentration, purification and economy of the urban industrial waste, organic waste gas treatment method appropriate comprehensive selection is very important.
Absorption and desorption is an important unit operation process is commonly used in the process of petrochemical production. The absorption process is the use of gas mixture in each component in the liquid (absorbent) different to the separation of gas mixtures. The presence of dissolved solute dissolved in the absorbent balance and in the gas phase when the solute reach dissolution equilibrium in the solution, the solute in the gas phase pressure called saturated steam of the components in the absorbent in pressure. When the solute in the gas phase pressure greater than the saturated steam of the components of the pressure, solute from the gas phase into the liquid phase, known as the absorption process. When the solute in the gas phase pressure less than the saturated vapor pressure of the components, the solute from the liquid phase to escape into the gas phase, known as the desorption process.
The industry often uses the cyclone separation to remove dust contained in waste gas, when the dust gas through cyclone separator due to the centrifugal force thrown to the wall, then along the conical part down, so as to achieve the separation effect.
Key words: waste gas；absorption；desorption； separation；
目   录
1  绪论    1
1.1  论文背景    1
1.1.1  工业废气处理技术    1
1.2  填料塔的发展情况    2 吸收解吸塔与旋风分离过程控制系统设计:http://www.751com.cn/zidonghua/lunwen_4300.html