基于Matlab/Simulink的反馈控制算法比较

摘要本论文主要探讨比例积分微分(PID)控制和伪微分反馈(PDF)控制这两种控制算法的特征。首先在理论上用数学剖析的方法进行初步分析，之后用计算机仿真的方法——基于MATLAB编制的控制算法仿真软件和Simulink多方面的体现出各种控制算法的特性。本论文最主要的一项工作就是用MATLAB7.8编写了一个控制算法仿真软件。具体原理就是让每一种控制算法与不同被控对象构成一个完整的控制系统，然后对其加上不同的输入信号，这些信号采用最为典型的阶跃、斜坡和正弦信号，用它们分别输入则可得到相应的仿真曲线，对曲线进行比较，便可以非常清楚地了解每一种控制算法的特性。53202

在控制算法仿真软件的编制过程中，控制器由M函数来实现，主要用到了位置式PID控制算法和增量式PID控制算法。先对被控对象和控制器的参数初始化，计算机再根据输入和输出，计算出偏差值，最后计算控制器的输出即可得到所要的仿真曲线与数据。在分析一个控制系统的性能时，本论文编写的控制算法仿真软件提供了非常全面的功能，所以在选择、设计控制系统时，它都可以成为一个有利的工具。

毕业论文关键词：控制算法；计算机仿真；PID控制；MATLAB；simulink；

Abstract This paper mainly discusses the proportional integral derivative (PID) control and pseudo-differential feedback (PDF) control features two control algorithms. First, in theory, mathematical analysis methods with a preliminary analysis, followed by computer simulation methods - control algorithm based on MATLAB prepared and Simulink simulation software multifaceted reflect the characteristics of various control algorithms. The main work of this paper is to use a MATLAB7.8 prepared a control algorithm simulation software. Specific principles is to let each control algorithm with a different object consisting of a complete control system, and then add their different input signals, these signals using the most typical step, ramp and sinusoidal signals are input then use them corresponding simulation curve obtained, compare the curves, it can be very clearly understand the characteristics of each of the control algorithm.

In the control algorithm simulation software preparation process, the controller consists of M functions to achieve the main use of positional PID control algorithm and incremental PID control algorithm. The first controller of the controlled object and parameter initialization, the computer according to the input and output, the calculated offset value, the final calculation of the controller output can be obtained with the data to the simulation curves. In analyzing the performance of a control system, the paper prepared by the control algorithm simulation software provides a very comprehensive set of features, so in the selection, design, control system, it can become a powerful tool.

Keywords: control algorithm; computer simulation; PID control; MATLAB; simulink;

第一章绪论 1

1.1 MATLAB语言的特色 1

1.2 SIMULINK简介及其功能 2

1.3 Simulink的特点和启动 2

1.4 模块介绍 3

1.5 论文的意义及主要研究内容 4

第二章关于PID及PDF控制算法理论分析 5

2.1 反馈控制算法简介 5

2.1.1 比例(P)控制 7

2.1.2 比例积分(PI )控制 7

2.1.3 比控例积分微分(PID)制基于Matlab/Simulink的反馈控制算法比较:http://www.751com.cn/zidonghua/lunwen_57278.html