新型三维镍基电极材料的研究与应用

摘要近年来，汽车工业蓬勃发展的同时，能源危机和环境污染进一步加剧，大量功率型、动力型设备的应用对锂离子电池行业提出了更高的要求。动力型锂离子电池需要更高的功率密度与能量密度，更宽广的工作温度范围和更长的循环寿命，然而，现有的锂离子电池存在着诸多缺陷，例如：功率/能量密度偏低、循环寿命较差、微型化和集成化较差等，使得锂离子电池难以在替代现有能源体系方面产生压倒性优势，阻碍了新一代电子器件和电动汽车的发展。针对以上问题，本文从三维导电骨架和活性材料两方面入手，在内部相连的三维金属镍骨架上水热生长钴酸镍纳米线，制备出三维多孔复合电极材料，三维金属镍骨架具有较大的比表面积和良好的金属导电性，使得钴酸镍纳米线的利用率大大提高，从而极大的改善其容量和倍率性能。同时，三维金属镍骨架具有较大的孔径和孔隙率，缓解了由于充放电过程中体积变化带来的结构破坏，提高了材料的循环稳定性能。42348

关键词 3D 镍基锂离子电池钴酸镍纳米线

毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要

Title The research and application of new 3D nickel-based electrode materials

Abstract

Recently, in spite of the rapid growth of private cars brings automobile industry the vigorous development, the energy crisis and environmental pollution become worsen. The application of large power equipment put forward higher request for lithium ion battery industry. The type of power lithium ion battery need higher power density and energy density, more wide working temperature range and longer cycle life. However, there are many defects in existing lithium ion batteries, such as: low power/energy density, poor cycle life, miniaturization and integration, which make it hard for lithium ion batteries to replace the existing energy system and hinder the development of new generation of electronic devices and electrical vehicles. To solve above problems, from two aspects of 3D conductive network and active materials, this paper studied the electrochemical performance of NiCoO2, which is fabricated in 3D nickel network by hydrothermal process. These negative materials have a larger specific surface area, large pores and good conductivity for transmission of ions and electrons. Simultaneously, the large pores can remit structure collapse during charge-discharge process and improve the stability of negative materials.

Keywords 3D nickel-based lithium-ion battery NiCoO2 nanowire

1 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2 锂离子电池简介 1

1.2.1 锂离子电池基本构造和工作原理 2

1.2.2 锂离子电池正极材料 4

1.2.3 锂离子电池负极材料 7

1.3 三维多孔电极 9

1.3.1 泡沫镍 9

1.3.2 二氧化硅模板 10

1.4 本论文的研究目的和主要内容 11

2 基于模板法的三维多孔镍基电极的制备与表征 12

2.1 引言 12

2.2 实验部分 12

2.2.1 主要试剂和药品 12

2.2.2 主要实验仪器新型三维镍基电极材料的研究与应用:http://www.751com.cn/cailiao/lunwen_42759.html