摘要: 本文以铁有机物为催化剂，与氮源混合，采用化学气相沉积法，制备氮掺杂多孔石墨纳米笼。该法在制备碳包铁纳米颗粒的同时进行氮的掺杂, 之后再将铁基内核去除，得到氮掺杂的石墨纳米笼，其比表面积和介孔孔容都有明显提高，从而有效地提高了电化学反应的效率。其中通过控制氨气的通入量，进而得到不同氮掺杂含量的石墨纳米笼，以研究其对锂离子电池负极应用的影响。结果表明，N掺杂可以提升电池比容量，以0.5-1wt.%N掺杂量获得比容量最高，超过1wt.% N掺杂量，比容量开始下降。43473

毕业论文关键词：氮掺杂；高比表面积；石墨烯；锂离子电池

Investigation on effects of content of doped nitrogen in carbon nanocages towards anodes of lithium ion battery applications

Abstract: Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages are prepared by chemical vapor deposition，from liquid ferrous catalyst, nitrogen and carbon source. Nitrogen can be introduced, when Fe@C core-shell nanoparticles are prepared and then N-doped GNCs can be obtained by removing their ferrous cores. Due to removing their ferrous cores，both the specific surface area and the mesopore volume of the carbon nanocages have sharply risen. The effect on carbon nanocages under different content of nitrogen addition in the anodes of lithium ion batteries was investigated. As a results, specific capacitor is highest, when content of doped nitrogen is ranged from 0.5 to 1 wt.%, and the capacitor is reduced, when the content is over 1 wt.%.

KeyWords：N-doping；High Specific Surface Area；Graphene；Lithium-ion batteries  

目  录

1 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 新型碳纳米材料的发展 1

1.2.1 碳的同素异形体 1

1.2.2 富勒烯 2

1.2.3 碳纳米管 3

1.2.4 碳纳米笼 3

1.2.5 石墨烯 3

1.3 碳纳米笼 4

1.3.1 碳纳米笼的特征 4

1.3.2 碳纳米笼的制备 5

1.3.3 碳纳米笼的应用 8

1.4 本课题研究的目的及意义 10

1.5 小结 11

2 实验 12

2.1 实验原料 12

2.2 实验设备 12

2.3 设备装置 13

2.4 实验过程 14

2.4.1 氮掺杂碳纳米材料的制备 14

2.4.2 锂电池的组装 14

2.5 样品表征 14

2.5.1 X射线衍射 14

2.5.2 高分辨率透射电镜 14

2.5.3 X射线光电子能谱分析 15

2.6 电化学性能测试 15

3 结果与讨论 16

3.1 Fe@C纳米粒子 16

3.2 氮掺杂石墨纳米笼形貌与结构表征 17

3.2.1 TEM分析 17

3.2.2 XRD分析 17

3.2.3 XPS分析 氮参杂量对碳纳米笼在锂电负极应用的影响:http://www.751com.cn/cailiao/lunwen_44328.html