摘要：本课题采用简单水热法制备了超级电容器用的电极材料三氧化钼，研究了 水热反应温度、水热反应时间以及 pH 值等实验因素对产物的产物结构和形貌的 影响。用 XRD、SEM 等测试手段对产物的组成、形貌进行表征。XRD 实验结果 表明水热后的产物符合 MoO3 的衍射特征峰，控制水热反应温度和时间可以分别 获得不同尺寸的纳米棒状、纳米线状的三氧化钼产物。不同的 pH 时产物外貌没 有太大不同，但对产物的结构有影响，ph=2.0 时获得结晶性更好的三氧化钼产物。 同时也初步探讨了 CTAB 加入对产物的影响。最后探讨了三氧化钼作为电极材料 应用在碱性电解液（NaOH）和中性电解液（Na2SO4）中的电化学性能。66262

毕业论文关键词： 制备；三氧化钼；超级电容器；电极材料

Preparation of Molybdenum Oxide Material and Application  in Supercapacitor

Abstract: In this paper, the molybdenum trioxide of electrode material for supercapacitor was prepared by simple hydrothermal method. The effects of experimental factors such as hydrothermal reaction temperature, hydrothermal reactiontime and pH value on the crystal structure and morphology of the product were studied. The composition and morphology of the products were characterized by XRD and SEM. The XRD results show that the product of MoO3 is consistent with the diffraction peak of MoO3, and the temperature and time of controlling the hydrothermal reaction can obtain different molybdenum trioxide products with different sizes. The appearance of the product at different pHs is not much different, but has an effect on the structure of the product. When ph = 2.0, the molybdenum trioxide product with better crystallinity is obtained. The effects of CTAB addition on the product were also discussed. Finally, the electrochemical properties of molybdenum trioxide as electrode materials in alkaline electrolyte (NaOH)  and neutral electrolyte (Na2SO4) were discussed.

KeyWords:  preparation;  molybdenum  trioxide; supercapacitor; electrode materials

目 录

1 绪论 1

1.1  当前超级电容器的发展现状 1

1.1.1  超级电容器出现的背景 1

1.1.2  超级电容器的发展现状 1

1.2  超级电容器的未来展望 3

1.3  超级电容器的原理 4

1.4  新型电容器的不同分类 5

1.5  超级电容器的制备方法 6

1.6  金属氧化物应用于超级电容器 7

1.7  课题的目的与意义 7

2 实验部分 9

2.1  实验仪器 9

2.1.1  试剂 9

2.1.2  仪器 9

2.2  材料的制备 10

2.2.1  三氧化钼的制备 10

2.2.2  泡沫镍的处理 10

2.2.3  三氧化钼电极的制备 10

2.2.4  实验步骤 10

2.3 分析表征 11

2.3.1 X 射线衍射（XRD）表征 11

2.3.2 扫描电镜（SEM）表征 12