摘 要:迎合着时代的步伐,高校连年加大招生规模,大学生数目逐年膨胀,导致职场角逐日趋惨烈,就业局势日驱紧张。为了使大学毕业生摆脱就业窘境,政府以及高校制定了一连串的创业优惠政策,激励他们自主创业。然而,自主创业的道路布满荆棘,创业的成功与否与知识、能力、实践经验、资金等各个方面息息相关。是以,改善眼下大学生自主创业的艰难局面刻不容缓。惟有先研究大学生自主创业的背景与现状,再探寻其中存在的问题,如创业意识不足、创业知识缺乏、实践经验和能力匮乏等,最后提出现存问题的相应对策,才能改善大学生自主创业的艰难局面。65715
毕业论文关键词:就业;自主创业;成功率;
The problems existing in the college students' self-employment and countermeasure analysis
Abstract: Catering to the pace of era, the years of increasing enrollment scale, college students number expands year by year, increasingly vicious competition in the workplace, the employment situation, drive tension. In order to make the college graduates to get rid of the employment predicament, the government and university developed a series of entrepreneurship preferential policies to inspire them to their own businesses. The path of self-employment, however, be full of thorns, and the success of business and the knowledge, ability and practical experience, capital and other aspects. Is, to improve the difficult situation of the college students' self-employment is urgently needed. But the study background and current situation of the college students self-employment, and explore the problems, such as the pioneering consciousness insufficiency, the lack of knowledge, lack of practical experience and ability, etc., finally put forward the corresponding countermeasures of existing problems, can improve college students' self-employment difficult situation.
Key Words:employment; their own businesses; the success rate.
一、大学生自主创业的现状分析
我国受高校招生规模持续扩展的影响,高校毕业生总数不断突破历史记录。“据人力资源和社会保障部数据显示, 2011 年高校毕业生人数为660 万, 2012 年为680 万, 2013 年为699 万, 2014 年全国高校毕业生人数727 万人,”[1]。通过该组数据可以推测,连年增加的大学毕业生,以及往届无法成功就业大学生,将导致劳动力市场呈现供过于求的现象。
在这种严峻的形势下,大部分大学生毕业即失业,这不仅会给个人和家庭带来消极状况,还会给社会造成难以衡量的损失和影响。对个人而言,失业和待业会让大学生失去信心并增加心理压力与负担,蒙上一层心理阴影,降低生活质量,甚至出现过激行为。于家庭而言,父母不仅会对子女的期盼完全甚至成倍转换为失望,而且会盲目加大教育投资让子女不断升学以期得到回报,或者认为知识无用降低教育投资;也可能会减少对孩子的教育投资,认为文聘和知识无用;对社会而言,职场竞争激烈,劳动力市场就会提高毕业生就业的门槛,从而产生很多种歧视和不公平的现象,导致大学生和家长对社会的不满,最后对社会的稳定产生威胁。论文网
于是,为广大毕业生排解职场压力,解决就业困境的渠道唯有自主创业。但是,眼下大学生自主创业的现状是发人省醒。
(一)创业目的被动
我国的大学生受传统观念和家庭教育的影响,都倾向于选择稳定、舒适、低风险的职业。对于自主创业,大学毕业生大都避而远之,只有在就业压力的驱使下不得已才决心创业。这种消极态度决定了大学生自主创业成功率低的惨况。
(二)自主创业的人数少 大学生自主创业中存在的问题及对策分析:http://www.751com.cn/guanli/lunwen_73426.html