MATLAB直流电动机控制建模及转速控制算法设计

摘要直流电动机具有良好的起、制动性能和广范围内的平滑调速性能，在许多高要求的电力拖动控制系统中作为主要执行元件。但直流电动机在实际应用中同时存在负载扰动等问题，这使得电机转速始终处于震荡状态，而导致拖动系统难以控制。因此在应用时需要设计相应的控制模型来进行控制。68492

本文主要对于如何设计直流电动机的合理控制模型进行了深入的研究。首先根据给定的电机简化模型主要参数在 MATLAB 平台上建立典型直流电动机的传递函数模型。根据函数模型和给定的期望控制性能指标参数，选择超前校正环节作为校正装置并通过根轨迹法进行校正和参数整定。通过 MATLAB 程序求解出超前校正参数，并通过 SIMULINK 组件进行仿真验证。结果表明校正后系统性能达到期望值，相比校正前得到显著提高。

关键词直流电动机传递函数 MATLAB 根轨迹法 SIMULINK 仿真

Title DC motor speed control design based on MATLAB

Abstract

Direct-Current motor (DC motor) has the characteristics of favorable starting and braking characteristic, smooth speed-regulation, so it is widely used in the electrical control system as the main executive component. But DC motor also has the problems such as load disturbance，which make DC motor in a state of vibration and hard to control. Therefore, In actual production process, it is

always combined with designed controller in order to get excellent performance. This paper makes a deep research on the DC motor speed controller design based on MATLAB. First, building a mathematic model according to the known parameters based on MATLAB. According to the open-loop transfer function and desirable control performance parameters, choosing the lead network as the correcting unit and the root-locus technique was adopted to design the correcting unit.

The controller parameters were obtained through the MATLAB program and using the SIMULINK module to provide emulation. The results showed that after the controller is joined and the corresponding parameters of the controller is modified, the performance of the system is improved significantly, and better than previous open-loop system.

Keywords DC motor transfer function MATLAB speed control algorithm SIMULINK simulation

1 引言 1

1.1 本课题研究的目的和意义 1

1.2 国内外相关技术研究概况 1

1.2.1 直流电机转速控制发展现状 1

1.2.2 直流电动机转速控制系统设计研究现状 3

1.3 本文研究内容 3

2 直流电动机的原理及特性 5

2.1 直流电动机 5 MATLAB直流电动机控制建模及转速控制算法设计:http://www.751com.cn/jixie/lunwen_77041.html