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1.2 Analysis of the composition and working state of winch.
As shown in Figure 1,Deep-sea winch in the structure is mainly composed of traction drum drum storage drum rectangular spooling device and drive and control components with 6~8 cable trough, is the load bearing parts of the drawworks, storage drum is the storage mechanism of winch cable.According to the literature <5>.In the cable or the cable collection, control the storage drum speed, can adjust the traction cable between the drum and the storage drum tension, and keep it in the traction drum front cable (load end) within the tension of 10%~15%, are in a state of balance force steel cable, not in the traction drum sliding, also can smoothly winding in the storage drum.
Deep-sea research equipment and support the mother ship are connected by an umbilical cable, power cable and lifting the cable transmission of information is often the deep-sea survey equipment from the mother ship, deep-sea research equipment umbilical cable winch is the important equipment of water and recycling. Deep-sea research equipment umbilical cable winch working in shallow water when the general single drum structure, promote bear umbilical cable and storage. But with the development of marine research scope expanding and ocean development technology, deep-sea survey equipment operating depth deepening. With the extension of the umbilical cable length, and in deep-sea survey equipment will appear in the following changes.
(1) the deep-sea survey equipment general neutral buoyancy in the water, so in the deep ocean survey equipment into the water after the winch load is the main weight of umbilical cable and repeater water, umbilical cord weight is proportional to the water depth, homework is not big, mainly is the weight of water in repeater. With the increase of operating depth, umbilical cable weight also will continue to increase, and will be more than the weight of the repeater water, has gradually become the main load of umbilical cable winch.(2) due to the increase in umbilical cable length, at the same time by the guide wheel angle limit, winch length can not be too large, resulting in the umbilical cable winch increase of layers, containing a corresponding increase in the volume of winch drum, the winch radius and increases the moment of inertia, the required driving torque is greatly increased.
(3) the cord tension variation between each layer on the winch, the smallest in deep-sea survey equipment water front tension, and in the deep ocean survey equipment after the water buoyancy lost weight increases suddenly, causing the outer cable tension winch is far greater than the surface of winding tension, it will produce the outer cable into the inner layer, resulting in umbilical cable disarray, and easy to make the umbilical cable suffered serious damage. In order to solve the single drum winch and the problems in long cable, umbilical cable winch deep sea survey equipment can be double winch structure, the umbilical cable storage and improve the function separation, namely the traction winch for lifting function, by the storage winch bear the storage function, can make the umbilical cable winding tension changes during storage at a smaller range winch, avoid these problems. According to the abyssal deep-sea research equipment umbilical cable deploying and retracting the demand, the structural form of dual winch system, and the stress state and the maximum driving power and so on, as the winch design of this kind of guidance.
Cable guide wheel and cable screw components such as rectangular spooling device, with no change in the drum and the storage drum between cable tension of the cable can be reduced, the cables at storage drum on the corner, but also can adapt to the cables of different diameters, the transmission precision and response speed, it is an important factor that affects the arrangement neat storage drum on cable can. Rectangular spooling device and storage drum coordinated movement, can make the traction cable between the drum and the storage drum tension with traction drum of cable tension to adapt from the above analysis, deep sea investigating winch the structure mainly has the following characteristics: