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设计总说明：目前我国焦炭年产量一亿三千多万吨，其中机房产量为七千万吨左右，具有不同规模的焦化厂约200个，是现在世界第一焦炭生产大国。所以工业产生的焦化废水处理问题越来越引人注意。焦化生产过程中排放出大量含酚、氰、油、氨氮等有毒、有害物质的废水。[5]焦化废水主要来自炼焦和煤气净化过程及化工产品的精制过程，其中以蒸氦过程中产生的剩余氨水为主要来源。[5]蒸氨废水是混合剩余氨水蒸馏后所排出的废水。焦化废水水质复杂，含有各种高浓度大分子有机物和氨氮，较难进行生化处理，如何有效的处理焦化废水一直是国内外关注的热点。国内对焦化废水的研究90年代初期开始，AAO法是目前主流的处理焦化废水的工艺。31811
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本文介绍了焦化废水的成分，综述了国内外几种主要的焦化废水处理技术，从物化法、化学法和生物法三方面阐述了近几年国内外有关焦化废水处理技术的研究进展，分析了现有处理方法的优缺点和存在的问题
鉴于焦化厂的废水中存在多种有毒物质，且对生态环境、社会、人类、农业都有巨大的危害，如果这些废水不经过任何处理而直接排放到外界的话，对于整个生态环境都会形成极大地危害，本文结合焦化厂废水的实际处理情况，设计了一套焦化废水处理工艺流程。
本设计任务为：某焦化厂年产焦炭约120万吨，其产生的废水经混合后总水量约60m3/h。污水水质CODcr：~3000mg/L，BOD5：~800mg/L挥发酚：~350mg/L，氰化物：~10mg/L，NH3-N：~160mg/L，石油类：~28mg/L。确定的焦化废水处理工艺技术及经济均可行，外排水要求符合《炼焦化学污染物排放标准》（GB16171-2012）中的直接排放标准。即：CODcr：≤80mg/L, 挥发酚：≤0.3mg/L，氰化物：≤0.2mg/L， NH3-N：≤10mg/L，石油类：≤10mg/L，pH：6~9
为了污水能达标排放，本设计采用厌氧－缺氧－好氧法( A/A/O法)工艺处理焦化废水。污水处理流程如下：由生产车间产生的焦化废水流入格栅房，再到集水井，之后进入隔油池、调节池、气浮池进行预处理，经过AAO反应池处理后，再进入二沉池进行沉淀，接着进入混凝沉淀池，最后进入消毒池经过液氯消毒后排放。
本次设计图纸包括：平面布置图、高程布置图、污水处理工艺流程图、AAO反应池、平流式二沉池、气浮池、涡流式混凝池、污泥浓缩池。
毕业论文关键字：焦化废水；AAO；脱氮；气浮
Design of a coking wastewater treatment process
General Design Description: China's coke annual output of about one trillion and thirty million tons, of which the engine room output of about seventy million tons, about 200 of different scale coking plant, is now the world's first coke production power. So the problem of coking wastewater treatment in the industry is getting more and more attention.. The wastewater containing phenol, cyanide, oil, ammonia nitrogen and other toxic and harmful substances in coking process is produced.. Coking wastewater mainly comes from the purification process of coking and gas and the refining process of chemical products, and the main source of ammonia generated during the process of vapor helium is the main source of ammonia.. Ammonia evaporation wastewater is the wastewater which is discharged by the mixture of ammonia and ammonia distillation.. Coking wastewater contains high concentrations of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, it is difficult to biochemical treatment, how to deal with coking wastewater has been a hot domestic and foreign attention. Domestic research on coking wastewater began in the early 90 "s, AAO is the mainstream technology of coking wastewater treatment.
This paper describes the source, composition and hazard of the coking wastewater, reviewed the domestic several major coking wastewater treatment technology, the accessory method, chemical method and biological method three aspects were reviewed in recent years at home and abroad about coking wastewater treatment advances in technology, analysis the existing processing method of the advantages and disadvantages and the existing problems