季胺化聚醚砜阴离子交换膜的制备与性能研究

菜单

摘要本论文以4,4´-二氟二苯酚、9，9´-双(4-羟基)芴和4,4-(六氟异丙叉)双酚A为原料，通过无规共聚及嵌段共聚合成了无规及嵌段共聚聚醚砜聚合物。然后以此为原料，通过溶液浇铸法、季铵化及碱化反应制备了一系列季铵化聚醚砜阴离子交换膜，并对其离子交换容量（IEC）、尺寸变化、吸水率、离子电导率及机械性能进行表征。结果表明：制得的阴离子交换膜吸水率较低、尺寸变化较小、机械性能良好、且具有较高的电导率。交联处理后阴离子交换膜在水中的尺寸稳定性有了较大的提高，离子电导率仍保持较高的水平；嵌段共聚改性使阴离子交换膜的离子电导率有了改善，且含有的亲水性链段单元长度越长，电导率越大。63809

毕业论文关键词燃料电池聚醚砜阴离子交换膜电导率 IEC

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title Preparation and properties of quaternary ammonium poly(aryl ether sulfone) anion exchange membranes

Abstract A series of random and block poly(aryl ether sulfone) were successfully synthesized from 9,9’-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol and 4,4’-difluorodiphenyl sulfone via random and block polymerization, respectively. The copolymers were subsequently used as starting materials to prepare quaternary ammonium poly(aryl ether sulfone) anion exchange membranes through solution casting, quaternization and alkalization. The properties including ion exchange capacity, size changes, water uptake, ion conductivity and mechanical properties of the obtained membranes were investigated. All the obtained anion exchange membranes exhibited low water uptake and size changes, good mechanical properties and rather high ion conductivity. The crosslinked membrane showed enhanced dimensional stability while keeping fairly high ion conductivity. The block membranes showed improved ion conductivity which increased with the hydrophilic block length.

Keywords Fuel cell Poly ether sulfone Anion-exchange membrane Conductivity Ion exchange capacity (IEC)

1 绪论 1

1.1阴离子交换膜燃料电池 1

1.2阴离子交换膜 1

1.3本文研究意义及主要内容 4

2 实验部分 4

2.1实验仪器及设备 5

2.2原料与试剂 5

2.3药品的精制 6

2.4聚合物的合成 6

2.5聚合物的氯甲基化 9

2.6膜的制备和处理 9

2.7性能表征 11

3 结果与讨论 13

3.1聚醚砜共聚物的合成及表征 13

3.2膜的吸水率和尺寸变化 14

3.3膜的离子电导率 16

3.4机械性能 17

结论 18

致谢 19

参考文献 20

1 绪论

燃料电池(fuel cell)是一种直接将贮存在燃料和氧化剂中的化学能等温、高效、环境友好地转化为电能的发电装置。它并不是传统意义上的电池，而是一种不经过燃烧，等温的直接将化学能转变为电能的“化学发电机”。燃料电池是继水力、火力和核能发电之后的又一种新型的发电技术。近年来燃料电池快速发展，正逐步成为一项新能源技术。作为一种新型发电技术，燃料电池有如下的特点：1）能量转化效率高；2）污染小、噪音低；3）燃料来源广；4）可靠性及维护性好；5）发电效率受负载变化的影响小[1-2]。