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摘要：随着现代军事要求的发展，对雷达复杂环境目标跟踪技术提出了很高的要求。在实际的雷达目标跟踪中，目标的机动和环境各种杂波的影响都给目标跟踪带来了很大的影响。随着科技的发展，飞行器的机动能力越来越强，速度和加速度变化的范围越来越大，这些都增加了跟踪的难度。单模型算法针对目标机动性不强、运动状态单一的情形具有良好的跟踪效果，所以交互式多模型算法以其由于其性能较为优越,被认为是在实际应用中较好的跟踪算法被提出引入多个目标运动模型，具有自适应的特点，能够有效地对各个模型的概率进行调整，并按照相应的概率对每个模型的状态估计进行加权，实现对运动目标的跟踪，在实际应用中产生良好的效果。30158
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杂波干扰方面，常见的杂波有气象杂波、地杂波、仙波、电磁干扰杂波，如处于海洋环境，背景更加复杂，则还会有海杂波、濒海杂波等。杂波不但会影响目标跟踪的数据关联，甚至还可能使雷达起始航迹，造成虚警，产生不明空情。雷达接收信号回波后，虽然可以通过脉压、CFAR、MTI以及MTD等技术手段，过滤掉部分杂波，但仍然会有部分杂波剩余。
因此，在雷达数据处理阶段，必须采取有效措施进行进行杂波抑制，在滤波阶段需要设计合适的目标跟踪机动模型。本课题针对复杂环境下的目标跟踪问题，主要研究以下两个方面：（1）采用交互式多模型来解决目标机动范围大的问题；（2）采用动态杂波统计方法，通过建立动态杂波图的方式，处理环境杂波。动态杂波图是利用多周期统计方法，通过在一定时间内统计回波的位置、速度、数量、密度、幅度、信噪比等信息，从而得到一定的规律，在统计规律的基础上，通过设置一些自适应的门限，将杂波去除。
关键词：目标跟踪、交互式多模型、机动运动模型 、卡尔曼滤波、杂波统计
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Maneuvering target tracking in a complicated environment
Abstract
With the development of modern military requirements, complex environment of radar target tracking technology high demands are put forward.In the actual radar target tracking, target maneuver and the influence of various clutter environment has brought great influence to target tracking.With the development of science and technology, aircraft mobility become more and more strong, speed and acceleration change is more and more big, the scope of these has increased the difficulty of the track.Single model algorithm in target maneuverability is not strong, the motion of a single case has good tracking effect, so the interactive multiple model algorithm for its due to its performance is superior, is thought to be better tracking algorithm was put forward in practice.
Clutter interference, common clutter has weather clutter, ground clutter, wave, electromagnetic interference, clutter, such as in the Marine environment, the background is more complex, you will also have the sea clutter, littoral clutter, etc. Noise not only affects the data correlation of target tracking, may even make the radar track initiation, causing false alarm, produce unknown air situation. Radar echo signals is, although can through the pressing of arteries and veins, CFAR and MTI and MTD technology, part to filter out clutter, but there are still some clutter remaining.
In radar data processing stage, therefore, must take effective measures for clutter suppression, in the filtering stage need to design a suitable target tracking maneuvering model.This topic for target tracking in a complicated environment problems, mainly studies the following two aspects: (1) the interactive multiple model is used to solve the problem of large scope of target maneuver. (2) the dynamic clutter statistical method, by establishing the dynamic clutter map, clutter processing environment.Dynamic clutter map is by using the statistical method of multiple cycle through statistics in a certain time echo the position, speed, quantity, density, amplitude, the information such as SNR,
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