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摘要：分馏是分离几种不同沸点的混合物的一种方法；对某一混合物进行加热，针对混合物中各成分的不同沸点进行冷却分离成相对纯净的单一物质过程。分馏操作一般在塔设备中进行，塔设备分为两种，板式塔和填料塔。填料塔结构简单、装置灵活、压降小、持液量少、生产能力大、分离效率高、耐腐蚀，且易于处理易起泡、易热敏、易结垢物系。近年来由于填料塔结构的改进，新型的填料的开发，既提高了塔的通过能力和分离效能又保持了压降小及性能稳定的特点。因此，填料塔已被推广到大型气液操作中，改变了板式塔长期占据统治地位的局面。从设备设计的角度看，不论板式塔还是填料塔，基本上由塔体、内件、裙座、和附件构成。随着对填料塔的研究和开发，性能优良的填料塔必将大量用于工业生产中。21299
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毕业论文关键字：分馏；填料塔；设备设计
Design of Φ650 Dephlegmation Tower
Abstract：Dephlegmation is a method of separating mixtures with different boiling point. At first, heat a mixture. Then cool the material so as to separate pure material on the basis of different boiling point. Dephlegmation operation normally carried out in the tower equipment. Equipment is pided into two towers, plate towers and packed towers. Packed tower has the advantages of simple structure, the flexible installation, low pressure drop, less liquid holdup, large production capacity, high separation efficiency, corrosion resistance, easily deal with foaming, thermal and scaling. In recent years, due to improvements in the structure of packed tower and the development of new type of filler, both to improve the tower and the separation performance through the ability to maintain the pressure drop and small and stable performance characteristics. Therefore, the packed tower has been extended to large gas-liquid operation, and changed the situation of plate tower dominating for a long time. From the design point of view, regardless of plate tower or packed tower, the tower is composed of tower body, skirt, and accessories. With the packed tower of research and development, the packed tower with excellent performance is widely used in industrial production.
KeyWords：Dephlegmation；Packed tower；Equipment design
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究的背景和意义 1
1.1.1 塔设备的背景 1
1.1.2 填料塔 2
1.1.3 课题研究的意义 2
1.2 课题研究的内容 3
1.3 国内外填料塔的研究进展 3
1.3.1 填料的研究进展 3
1.3.2 塔内件的研究进展 4
1.4 课题的创新点 5
2 塔设备的材料选择 6
2.1 主体构件的材料选择 6
2.2 填料的材料选择 7
3 填料塔的设计参数 9
3.1 已知设计条件 9
3.2 填料的高度 9
4 塔设备的结构设计 11
4.1 按设计压力计算塔体壁厚 11
4.2 按设计压力计算封头壁厚 11
4.3 塔设备质量载荷计算 12
4.3.1质量载荷 12
4.3.2 操作质量 13
4.3.3 最小质量 13
4.3.4 最大质量 14
4.4 塔设备的自振周期计算 14
4.5 地震载荷与地震弯矩计算 14
4.6 风载荷与风弯矩计算 18
4.6.1风力计算 18
4.6.2风弯矩计算 19
4.7 最大弯矩计算 19
4.8 圆筒轴向应力校核和稳定校核 20