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摘 要 水面无人艇作为一种新概念船，它可以广泛应用于执行巡逻、侦察、监视、反恐攻击等危险任务。世界各国都在积极进行无人艇的设计研发工作。 本文主要研究的对象是一艘 W 型槽道无人艇。在艇体高速滑行时，空气在冲压作用下进入槽道滑行艇首部的槽道口，并与槽道内飞溅的水流相混合，混合成气水混合物，随着艇体航速的提高，空气进入槽道口的量也增多，从而形成了空气层。因为空气或气水混合物的密度都比水小，空气层可以作为对槽道顶滑行面的润滑降阻作用的润滑层，使得艇体的受到的摩擦阻力极大地减少；同时，由于艇体的形状使得船体获得额外的升力，使得艇体抬离水面，进一步减少阻力、提高效能。因此，选用 W 型槽道无人艇作为这艘无人艇的船型。 首先进行的是船舶数学模型的建立。船舶的设计是一个多变量，多目标，多约束条件的复杂过程。笔者从船舶的快速性、操纵性、耐波性、太阳能能量输出综合四个方面入手，进行目标函数的构造，约束条件的确定，设计变量的选择。并运用 GA算法对数学模型进行优化计算分析。 其次，进行 W 型槽道无人艇绿色能源系统的布置论证及详细设计，包括太阳能系统设计、水翼-支柱的控制器，另外对布置太阳能电池板的上层建筑进行选取及论证。 然后，根据上述已得的优化数据，进行此 W 型槽道无人滑行艇模型详细设计、进一步的计算并制作了一条复合绿色能源 W型槽道无人艇模型。 最后，对槽道无人艇模型进行一些基础性的试验并进行分析，并对横摇实验进行了系统辨识处理。 58718
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毕业论文关键词：W型槽道无人艇；绿色能源；模型制作；综合优化；遗传算法
Abstract As a new concept, USV can be widely used in patrolling, reconnaissance, surveillance, counter-terrorism attack and other dangerous tasks. Countries around the world are designing and developing different kinds of USV actively. The main object of this study is based on a W-type channel USV. When channel hydroplane run at high speed, the air enter in punching action from the bow portion of the groove, and mix with the inner channel water as a gas-water mixture. With the speed getting higher, the amount of intake air get more, the formation of an air layer get easier. For the density of air or air-water mixture is much smaller than the water, the air layer can lubricate the channel which effect on the sliding surface top, reducing resistance of the hull greatly. At the same time , the shape of the hull which lifting the hull out of the water can provide Lift force, improving efficiency. Therefore, we use W-type channel USV as experimental ship. Firstly， we establish a mathematical model of the ship. AS Ship design is a multi-variable, multi-target, multi-complex process constraints, we should study speed, maneuverability, sea-keeping performance , solar energy output to objective function, constraints to determine the conditions and select the design variables. GA algorithm has also been used to establish mathematical models to optimize the calculation and analysis. Secondly, we do arrangement demonstration and detailed design of clean energy systems of W-type channel USV including a kind of solar system, hydrofoils-pillars control system ，selecting and demonstrating superstructure of ship where solar panels arranged. After that, based on the optimized data obtained, we do detailed design and calculations of the W-type channel USV, and produce a model of it which with composite clean energy system . Finally, we do some basic experiments and analyze the result of it, and conducte a system identification of rolling test.
Keywords: W-type channel USV; Clean Energy; Model Production; Integrated Optimization; Genetic Algorithm;
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