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摘要：由黄单孢杆菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae，Xoo）中的致病变种侵染引起的水稻白叶枯病是世界上水稻的重要病害之一。本研究采用人工接种的方法鉴定了广西、贵州、黑龙江、江西和四川5个省份的52份主栽水稻品种对我国白叶枯病菌9个小种（R1~R9）的抗性。结果表明，从黑龙江省征集的品种抗谱窄、抗性弱，只对其中R1、R3、R5、R6四个小种有抗性；贵州省征集的品种抗性强、抗谱宽，对其中R1~R7、R8八个小种均有抗性；广西、江西、四川三省征集的品种分别对七个小种有抗性。分析各省主栽品种对白叶枯病菌不同小种的抗性差异，发现96.2%的供试品种对强毒性小种R8和R9表现出感病反应；弱毒性小种R1不能使所有供试品种表现出感病反应，可以使75%的供试品种表现出感病反应。在今后的农业生产中，育种工作者及农业管理部门应及时收集各地的水稻白叶枯病菌株，对当地白叶枯病菌的优势小种进行监测，结合当地主栽品种对白叶枯病菌优势小种的抗、感情况及当地白叶枯病菌小种的变化，及时培育并推广抗病品种。25763
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毕业论文关键词：水稻；白叶枯病菌；抗性鉴定；致病力
Identification of Resistance to Nine Bacterial Blight Races in Fifty-two Rice Varieties in Five Provinces
Abstract：The bacterial blight of rice which caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae is one of the most destructive disease in the world. Fifty-two rice varieties collected from five provinces, including Guangxi, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi and Sichuan, were inoculated with 9 races (R1~R9) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) in the field conditions respectively, in order to assess the resistance of these varieties to bacterial leaf blight. The results showed that the resistance of varieties collected from Heilongjiang provinces to bacterial leaf blight was relatively weaker, they were resistant to only 4 Xoo races（R1, R3, R5, R6）. The resistance of varieties collected from Guizhou provinces to bacterial leaf blight was relatively stronger, they were resistant to 8 Xoo races（R1~R7, R8）. The varieties from Guangxi, Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces were resistant to 7 Xoo races. 96.2% of the varieties tested in this study were susceptible or moderately susceptible to strong-virulence races R8 and R9. The weak-virulence race R1 can not infect all varieties. It suggested that more isolates should be collected from rice-growing fields in order to analyze the population variation of Xoo races, the resistance level of the commercial varieties be evaluated to locally prevalent races of Xoo and the commercial varieties be reasonably grown based on the distribution of prevalent races of Xoo．
Key words: Rice；Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae；resistance assessment；virulence
目 录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 2
0 引言 2
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 材料 2
1.1.1 供试品种 2
1.1.2 供试菌株 4
1.2 方法 4
1.2.1 种植与管理 4
1.2.2 病原菌培养与接种 4
1.2.3 抗病性调查 4
2 结果与分析 4
2.1 不同省份的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 4
2.1.1 广西壮族自治区的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 6
2.1.2 贵州省的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 6
2.1.3 黑龙江省的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 6
2.1.4 江西省的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 7
2.1.5 四川省的水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性 7
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