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摘要：选育和利用玉米雄性不育系是农业生产上杂优利用的重要途径之一。玉米雄穗的育性受到一系列的基因的控制，包括控制小孢子母细胞形成、小孢子母细胞减数分裂、花粉囊发育、绒毡层发育、花粉壁的形成、花粉的成熟过程及花药开裂等。控制玉米雄穗的育性的基因的表达异常或基因突变都可能引起花药/花粉发育的异常，导致雄性不育。分离控制玉米花药/花粉发育的关键基因，对于通过基因工程手段人工创造玉米雄性不育系、恢复系，或者创造核雄性不育系的保持系都是十分重要的。本研究通过采用人工检索方法,对玉米全基因组的所有基因表达模型进行了一一查询，共获得花药特异性表达基因601个。每条染色体上都有三十个以上的基因，其中一号染色体最多为89个，10号染色体最少为33个；利用玉米基因库maizeGDB（www.maizeGDB.org）以及富集分析软件OmicsBean对这些花药特异表达基因进行功能分类。这些基因很可能与花粉的生物学功能包括花粉的活力、花粉的萌发、双受精过程等有密切关系。研究这些基因的功能对于进一步深入了解玉米雄性不育的分子机制，对于农业生产上玉米杂种种子的生产具有重要意义。28354
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毕业论文关键词：玉米；全基因组；花粉特异表达基因；功能分类
Genome-wide identification and functional classification of anther-specific genes in maize
Abstract： Breeding and utilization of male sterility lines in maize is an important practical way for hybrid vigor application in maize. The tassel fertility in maize is controlled by a number of genes which regulates cytogenesis and meiosis of microsporocytes, development of anther lobes, tapetum function, pollen wall formation, pollen maturation and anther dehiscence etcetera. The expression disorder or genetic mutation of gene related to tassel fertility may cause anther/pollen functional abnormality, i.e. male sterility. Isolation and function analysis of the key genes controlling anther/pollen development is a basic important research projection for bioengineering for creation of male sterility lines and restoration lines as well as for creation of maintainer lines for nuclear male sterility. This research project searched the gene expression pattern of all the genes in maize genome and found there are 601 anther-specific genes in maize genome, which means just expressed in anther or pollens but not expressed in any other tissues in maize plants. Each chromosome of maize genome contains more than 30 anther-specific genes. For example chromosome 1# has 89, 10# 33. The genes has analyzed by OmicsBean, an enrichment analysis software. All the genes obtained could be related to the biological function of pollens, including viability, tube emergence and double fertilization. Isolation and analysis of anther/pollen-specific genes is an important research to understand the molecular mechanism of male sterility and could be beneficial for hybrid seed production in agriculture.
Key words: maize；genome-wide；anther-specifically expressed genes；functional classification
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1材料与方法2
1.1花药特异表达基因的获得2
1.2花药特异表达基因染色体分布的统计与分析2
1.3花药特异表达基因的功能分类及玉米雄性不育相关候选基因的筛选3
2结果与分析3
2.1玉米全基因组花药特异表达基因3
2.2玉米花药特异表达基因的功能分类5
2.3分析7
3讨论 7
致谢8
参考文献8
图1 玉米花药特异表达基因 GRMZM2G410990的表达模式图3
图2 玉米花药特异表达基因 GRMZM2G410990的表达量图4
图 3 花药特异表达基因染色体分布图5
图 4 花药特异表达基因GO (GENE ONTOLOGY)功能分类6