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摘要：作为一种高效、低毒、广谱和内吸传导非选择性叶面喷施的芽后除草剂，草甘膦已经成为当今世界上生产量最大的农药品种，被广泛应用于农业。在取得最佳除草效果的同时也会因为在环境中的大量残留而带来潜在的环境风险和安全隐患。本文介绍了草甘膦的使用及污染现状、其作用机理以及生态毒性。通过草甘膦对两种微囊藻的生长抑制、对蛋白质含量的影响、对叶绿素含量的影响以及对两种藻产藻毒素的影响，研究草甘膦对蓝藻的急性毒性。结果表明：浓度为0.2mg/L的草甘膦对铜绿微囊藻和绿色微囊藻的生长并没有明显的抑制，而2mg/L、5mg/L、10mg/L的草甘膦对这两种藻有着明显的生长抑制。本文同时通过测定其蛋白质、叶绿素a、藻细胞内外藻毒素含量来检测草甘膦对铜绿微囊藻和绿色微囊藻的生物影响，为今后的研究方向进行了探究，旨在为其生态风险评价提供有价值的参考。38500
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毕业论文关键词：草甘膦；铜绿微囊藻；绿色微囊藻；急性毒性；藻毒素
Physiological Effects of Glyphosate on Two Toxic Cyanobacteria
Abstract:As a high efficiency, low toxicity, broad-spectrum and ceiling conduction non selective spraying on the leaf buds after herbicide, glyphosate has become one of the largest pesticide around the world, it’s widely used in agriculture. In the same time, the potential environmental risk and safety hazard caused by the large amount of residue in the environment can be obtained. By inhibit the growth of the two Microcystis by glyphosate, effects on protein content, influence on the content of chlorophyll and effects on Microcystin ,to do reseach about algae acute toxicity caused by the glyphosate. The results show that: the concentration for the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis viridis 0.2 mg / L glyphosate did not significantly inhibited, and 2, 5, 10mg / L glyphosate on these two kinds of algae has a significant growth inhibition. At the same time, through a determination of the protein, chlorophyll a, algal cells and microcystin content to detect glyphosate on Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis viridis biological effects, directions for future research of the inquiry, in order to provide a valuable reference for the ecological risk assessment.
KeyWords:Glyphosate；Microcystis aeruginos；Acute toxicity；Microcystin；
目录
1引言（绪论） 1
1.1 除草剂的污染及残留 1
1.1.1除草剂的污染现状 1
1.1.2除草剂残留危害 2
1.2草甘膦除草剂的污染现状 2
1.3 蓝藻水华与水体富营养化 3
1.3.1蓝藻水华与水体富营养化发生的原因及现象 3
1.3.2蓝藻水华与水体富营养化的危害 4
1.4微囊藻毒素 4
1.4.1微囊藻毒素毒性 4
1.4.2微囊藻毒素的产生 5
1.4.3微囊藻毒素污染现状 6
1.5课题研究的意义和目的 7
1.6课题研究的内容 7
2实验条件 8
2.1实验仪器 8
2.2实验材料 8
2.3实验药品 9
草甘膦草甘膦的理化性质和药理毒性 10
3实验方案与方法 11
3.1预实验 11
3.1.1 BG11培养液的配置 11
3.1.2高压蒸气灭菌 11
3.1.3铜绿微囊藻的接种 12
3.1.4铜绿微囊藻的培养 12
3.2实验方案论证 12
3.3实验内容与方法 13
3.3.1草甘膦储备液的配置 13