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ponent from multiple multipath components which arrives in delays less than 1Ns and pre-
vent multipath components interpreting ringing. After comparing with Vivaldi antenna, the
Dielectric rod antenna referred in [5] has been considered to be a good antenna for this task.
1.3 Channel measurement
Without using common antenna array and feeding network, this paper proposes a mechan-
ical rotational system to estimate the AOA. Comparing to the common antenna array config-
urations, the uniform linear array (ULA) and the uniform circular array (UCA), this system
just need a single antenna and curb the interference among antenna.
A UWB channel measurement technique which makes it possible to include the antenna
properties in the UWB channel models and extract the information of a multipath environ-
ment from the antennas has been proposed in this thesis. Using the channel information, the
multipath components can be easily recognized and AOA enable to be estimated. Biconical
antenna vs. Biconical antenna and Biconical antenna vs. Horn antenna have been used to
exact the channel information of multipath environment in this paper. The channel infor-
mation of multipath in various directions has been exacted by Biconical antenna vs. Vivaldiantenna.
2 Theory
2.1 UWB channel measurement technique
To achieve very accurate UWB channel measurements, an approach which characterizes
the hardware components including the antennas inpidually and performs calibrated mea-
surements has been used.
Many factors will impact the measurement accuracy. Such as the positions of the cables
and every transmission link. Also the antenna setup has to be characterized in a post process-
ing step. So general empirical UWB channel measurements are conducted in the frequency
domain without de-embedding the antennas and cable properties.
According to [6], [7] and [8], a scattering matrix approach is commonly employed to deter-
mine the antenna transfer functions, as the open source voltage cannot be determined directly
with measurements. In the transmitting case, the electrical far field
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