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摘要三文激光扫描技术作为新崛起的一门测绘技术，是测绘行业继GPS之后的又一次技术革命，被称为“实景复制技术”。但应用并不十分广泛，特别是在被开采的矿区沉陷地区。土地复垦是对生产建设活动和自然灾害损毁的土地，采取整治措施，使其达到可供利用状态的活动。例如本文扫描的安徽刘桥煤矿沉陷地，由于刘桥煤矿的开采，使得煤矿区周围土地发生沉陷。矿区周围土地无法得到应用，况且由于煤矿的开采，使得土地盐碱化，降低了当地的土地利用率，所以对其进行土地复垦，会使刘桥煤矿周围生态环境得到明显改善，增加土地的效益，利用土地也可以使矿区人民获得更多的经济来源。本文通过三文激光扫描获得扫描区域大量的点云数据，通过Lecia三文激光扫描仪专用的cyclone软件对点云数据的处理、分析，从而获得矿区沉陷地区准确、直观的空间大地信息，反映出沉陷地区周围的地形地貌的地形图，从而设计矿区沉陷地区土地复垦方案。40845
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毕业论文关键词： 三文激光扫描 土地复垦 地形图 矿区塌陷地
Abstract Three-dimensional laser scanning technology as the rise of a new mapping technology is a mapping GPS industry following the technological revolution after another, called "real replication technology.", but the application is not very widespread, particularly subsidence areas are mining area. Land reclamation is a production and construction activities and land damaged by natural disasters and take remediation measures, to reach for the use of the state's activities. Such as the document scanning Liuqiao Anhui coal mine subsidence, since coal mining Liuqiao such land subsidence occurred around the mine area. Land around the mines could not be applied, since the coal mining Moreover, making the land salinization, reducing the local land utilization, so its land reclamation, will make around Liuqiao coal mine ecological environment improved significantly, increasing land benefits can also make use of land mines people get more financial resources. This article was adopted a large number of three-dimensional laser scanning scanning area point cloud data, three-dimensional laser scanner by Lecia cyclone dedicated software for point cloud data processing, analysis, and to mine subsidence area accurate, intuitive spatial land information, reflecting subsidence area topographic map of the topography of the surrounding area in order to design mining subsidence land reclamation program.
Key words：Three-dimensional laser scanning， Land Reclamation，
Topographic map， Mine Subsidence Land
目 录
摘要Ⅰ
AbstractⅡ
1 研究意义1
2三文激光扫描技术的发展和现状2
2.1 三文激光扫描技术国外发展现状2
2.2三文激光扫描技术国内发展现状2
3三文激光扫描技术3
3.1三文激光扫描技术的原理3
3.2三文激光扫描作业程序3
3.3三文激光扫描处理软件主要功能及作用4
4. 三文激光扫描点云处理技术7
4.1点云数据的获取方式7
4.2点云数据的配准7
4.3点云数据的建模7
4.4地形纹理的获取8
5.塌陷地的三文激光扫描与面积计算9
5.1塌陷区与河堤扫描作业9
5.2塌陷区土地面积计算11
5.3塌陷区等值线绘制14
5.4河堤修复和土石方计算15
6.塌陷区土地复垦规划与工程量计算17
7总结21
参考文献22
1 研究意
随着科技的发展，测量仪器也在不断更新换代，为了满足高效、准确的测量。三文激光扫描技术作为一项新兴技术，该技术将机械，光学，控制理论和计算机技术集成为一体，三文激光扫描技术是在传统的测绘科学的基础上，与现代工艺及现代科技方式结合，它总结了多种传统测绘技术，通过三文扫描它能够快速获得海量而全面的实体原始三文点云数据，从而完整的重建实体三文模型。扫描过程中它无需接触实体表面，就能获得反映实体形状，大小及空间位置关系的点云数据，用于建模和实体的空间分析，从而避免了因接触测量目标以及光学变形而产生的大量误差。这些优势决定了三文激光扫描技术在测绘研究领域有着大好的发展前景和应用。