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摘 要电力系统正常运行时，系统中各发电机都以同步转速旋转，它们之间相位没有相对变化。当系统受到较大的干扰时，系统中原本处于同步运行状态下的发电机间的电动势相角差将会随着时间变化， 系统会由正常运行状态逐渐变为失步运行状态。这个时候，就需要将系统中处于失步状态的部分与其他正常运行的部分切开，将原来的一个整体大系统分割成相互独立，且能正常运行的若干个子电力系统，这就是所谓电力系统的事故解列。如果电网受到较严重的干扰或者振荡从而使得电力系统第一和第二道防线都被攻破时，系统中各发电机各部分之间会不再处于同步运行状态，转而进入失步振荡状态。 如果单靠系统自身无法恢复到正常运行的状态且不认为地进行控制措施，就会导致更严重的不可控的恶劣连锁反应，表现出来就是电网中大量电气设备严重损坏，发生类似美国 2003 年的大停电事故。为了不让这样的历史悲剧重演，为了我国的电网的安全稳定，我们就需要在确定系统处于失步振荡且无法恢复稳定运行状态时， 第一时间选择最合适最好的解列地点将大的电力系统解列成若干个不同的子系统，来阻止事故范围的扩大。本篇论文主要介绍了几种常见的解列判据的基本原理以及其特点， 并选择一个着重研究，以此设计出适合自己的判据。选择一个 3 机 9 节点的模型图作为研究对象，以设计的解列控制原理图说明是如何判断系统失步的。同时，以同样的3 机 9 节点的模型图作为算例，解释解列点的选择方法。最后选取合适的解列控制方式。37441
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毕业论文 关键词：失步解列、解列判据、解列点、解列控制方式
AbstractUnder the normal operation of power system, the generator to rotatesynchronous speed, did not change relative phase between them. Whenthe system is large disturbance, the synchronous operation of the systemwas originally under the emf phase Angle difference between thegenerator will change over time, the system will be the normal operationof the out-of-step operation state. In this time, you need to parts of thesystem is in a state of out of step with the other part of the normaloperation of the incision, the original big of a whole system is pidedinto independent, and works of several subsystems, which power systemis accidently solution.When power system oscillation fault or by the larger changesleading to the first and second lines of defence were destroyed and thatchange is no longer in sync between generators running state and thenpower system will transition to further asynchronou oscillation state. Ifthe system on its own cannot recover to the synchronous operation state,will lead to greater damage and a series of uncontrollable bad chainreaction, eventually led to the system in a large number of equipmentdamage, the collapse of the system and even cause a wide range of poweroutage. In order to avoid the serious bad happens, we need to determinethe system if will not recover in out-of-step oscillation and stableoperation state, the first column will select the most appropriate solutionseveral different parts of the system to prevent the accident expanding.This article mainly introduced the solution of several commoncriterion of basic principle and its characteristics, and choose a focus onresearch, in order to design a suitable criterion. Choose a model diagramof 3 machine 9 node as the research object, in order to design the solutionof column control principle diagram of how to judge whether a system isout of step. At the same time, in the same figure 3 machine 9 node modelas an example, point selection method to explain. Finally introduced insolving subsystems what adjustment should be made after completion ofthe column.
Keywords: power system, out-of-step separation,out-of-stepcriterion, splitting accident, splitting criterion
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