摘要自从新课改以来，课堂上的主体渐渐变成学生。现在初中科学的课堂也是同样如此，老师们更多的是扮演着引导者的角色，通过学生自主探究，合作学习，来学习知识。当然在上课的过程当中，还要注重理论与实际的结合，不仅让学生在上课过程中学习到知识和技能还要在情感态度价值观上有一个提升。48030

本实验探讨以泥石流的形成的自然原因为例，经过多次改进，运用了模型的思想，通过制作简易的实验装置，对泥石流形成的自然原因进行实验，来探讨“地球和宇宙”这类非物质科学的实验如何进行设计的问题。由于这类内容与地理环境有关，可以在课堂上培养学生的环境保护意识以及在发生地质灾害时自救能力。

在本探究过程中，运用到的科学方法有建立模型法、控制变量法、观察法、转化法。这些都是初中科学实验中重要的科学方法，教师要在学生动手操作的过程中，引导学生体会这些方法，加深理解，使学生在实验过程中培养科学的态度，认识到科学的本质，更好的从感性思维过渡到理性思维。

Since the new curriculum reform, the main body of the classroom gradually into the students. Now a junior high school science classroom is such, the teachers are more plays a guide role, through students' inquiry, cooperative learning, to learn the knowledge. of course, in the process of class, but also pay attention to the combination of theory with practice, not only let students learn knowledge and skills in the process of the class will have a promotion in the emotional attitude values.

This experiment to investigate the formation of debris flow of natural causes, for example, after a lot of improvement, based on the idea of the model, and create a simple experimental apparatus, through the experiment of debris flow formation of natural causes, to explore "the earth and universe" such nonphysical to how to design the problem of scientific experiments. Because this kind of content related to geographical environment, can develop students' consciousness of environmental protection in the classroom and in the case of geological disaster self-help capacity.

In the process of this inquiry, by using the scientific method is to model method, the control variable method, observation method, reforming process. These are important scientific method in junior middle school science experiment, the teacher wants to in the process of students hands-on, guides the student to realize these methods, to deepen understanding, causes the student to develop a scientific attitude in the process of the experiment, to recognize the nature of science, a better transition from emotional thinking to rational thinking.

毕业论文关键词：泥石流；形成原因；实验探讨； 自主探究；初中科学

 Keyword: debris flow; forming reason; The experiment to investigate; independently inquiry; science in junior middle school 

目录

摘    要 2

第1章 引言 4

1.1 中学科学实验探讨的目的 4

1.1.1 背景 4

1.1.2 目的与意义 4

1.1.3 章节选择的目的及意义 4

第2章 理论依据 4

2.1 概念界定 4

2.2 理论依据 中学科学实验泥石流形成的原因实验设计探讨:http://www.751com.cn/jiaoxue/lunwen_50367.html