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摘要： 将太阳能的利用引入住宅小区中，尤其是一些需要冬季集中供暖有大量原煤消耗的寒冷地区，以达到节能环保的目的。然而太阳能利用具有分散性、间断性和不稳定性的特点，受环境因素影响较大，为了弥补以上不足，针对其特点提出太阳能与常规能源互补的室内双系统热水供暖，以满足各种天气情况下的供暖需求。太阳能供暖间接系统由集热器吸收热量后通过换热器换热，再通入蓄热水箱后接末端供暖。在此基础上为实现双系统切换，在蓄热水箱中放置水温水位传感器，并按供回水温度95、75℃在集热器取定温点（高温点与低温点），通过定温设定控制电磁阀的开关，反复加热脉冲送水，最终直至水箱充满热水， 并进入温差循环状态。 集热器设计面积为84.32m2，蓄热水箱4.5m3，末端采用水地暖。实现在太阳光照充足时，使用太阳能集热采暖；当太阳能无法满足工作要求时，将自动采取定温直流方式使用市政供暖。 6858
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关键词： 太阳能供暖；双系统；定温控制；蓄热水箱；集热器
Design of a Dual Hot Water Heating System
Abstract: With an aim to save energy and protect environment, we will apply the solar energy
for utilization in the residential communities, especially in those cold areas where large
quantity of coals are consumed for central heating in the winter season. However, solar
utilization is highly influenced by the environmental factors because of its characteristics of
dispersibility, discontinuity and instability. To make up the above mentioned deficiency, the
solar and conventional energy convertible in-building dual system hot water heating system is
thus proposed to meet the heat requirements under all kinds of weather conditions. To begin
with, the solar heating indirect system absorbs solar energy through the collectors and then
heat exchanges via the heat exchanger and finally passes to the hot water storage tank to
provide heating to the required space. To achieve the switchover of the dual system , water
temperature and water level sensors are installed in the hot water storage tank and fixed
temperature points are set in the collectors (high temperature point and low temperature
point)according to supply and return water temperature, supply water temperature is 95℃and
return water temperature is 75℃, radiating by geothermal heating. Water is then repeatedly
heated and supplied at intervals until the water storage tank is filled with the hot water and
eventually reaches the differential temperature circulation condition through the on-off switch
of the solenoid valves controlled by the thermostat. The design area of collector is
84.32m2
,and the volume of hot water storage tank is 4.5m3
.The system will automatically provide heating directly by the control of the thermostat when the solar energy fails to meet
the working conditions, and provide heating by solar energy heating when it meets the
working condition.
Keywords: Solar energy heating; Dual system; Thermostat; Hot water storage tank; Collector
iii
目录
摘要 i
Abstract . i
目录 iii
1绪论 1
1.1 采用双系统热水供暖的可行性与优越性 . 1
1.1.1 双系统供暖采用太阳能的优点和缺点 . 1
1.1.2 双系统应用中的经济和环保问题 . 2
1.1.3 我国的太阳能资源 . 2
1.2 太阳能采暖利用情况和方式 . 3
1.2.1 被动式太阳能利用 . 3
1.2.2 主动式太阳能利用 . 4
1.3 太阳能供热采暖 . 5