硫脲及取代硫脲的合成研究

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摘要:硫脲不仅是合成磺胺噻唑、蛋氨酸等药物的原料和中间体，而且是氮肥增效剂。它的活性比一般的尿素高，具有良好的植物生长调节的作用。研发高产率，低排放，无污染的环境友好型的硫脲及取代硫脲对于实现适合工业化生产的新工艺是有帮助的，其具有良好的社会和经济利益。本文结合相关文献，以苯甲酰氯，硫氰酸钾为原料，在氮气保护下，升温回流4h,薄层色谱监测反应完成，第一步先制得苯甲酰异硫氰酸酯，然后，以丙酮为溶剂，苯甲酰异硫氰酸酯分别与2-甲氧基苯胺，3,5-二甲基苯胺，苄胺，投料比1:1.2，在室温下搅拌反应，采用柱层析法分离，最后，分别得到3种取代硫脲衍生物：N-（2-甲氧基苯基)-N’-(苯甲酰基）硫脲，收率为63.9%；N-（3,5-二甲基苯基)-N’-(苯甲酰基）硫脲，收率为84.6%；N-（苄基)-N’-(苯甲酰基）硫脲，收率为92.69%。通过质谱，红外，核磁共振谱图分别对3种不同的取代硫脲衍生物的结构进行了确认。我对硫脲合成路线做了以下研究和优化：1.优化了反应条件，节约能耗，提高了实验环节的效率，缩短了实验周期。2.本实验中以N-（苄基)-N’-(苯甲酰基）硫脲为例，产率达到92.69%，高于文献报道的收率。3.实验过程中，不产生有毒气体，对环境污染小，并且反应处理简单。综上所述，该合成路线具有良好的工业化生产前景。57193

毕业论文关键字：苯甲酰硫氰酸酯；硫脲；2-甲氧基苯胺；3,5-二甲基苯胺苄胺

Synthesis of substituted thiourea and thiourea

Abstracts:Thiourea is not only the raw materials and intermediates of drugs, such assulfathiazole, methionine, but also is the nitrogen synergist. Its activity is higher than urea in good plant growth regulating effect. It is useful for achieving new technology suitable for industrial production to develop environment-friendly thioureas and substituted thioureas which have low-emission, pollution-free, highyield and a good social economic benefits. Combined with related reference, benzoyl isothiocyanate was synthesized with the raw materials of benzoyl chloride and potassium thiocyanate with the protection of nitrogen. In the monitor of TCL, the reaction was heated under reflux for 4 hours.With the solvent of acetone, three kinds of substituted thiourea derivative were then synthesized with the raw materials of benzoyl isothiocyanate,2-methoxyphenyl aniline,3,5-dimethylaniline and benzylamine, the ratio of 1: 1.2. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature. By using columnchromatography, N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-N'-(benzoyl) thiourea (63.9%)，N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl) -N'-(benzoyl) thiourea (84.6%) and N- (benzyl)-N’-(benzoyl) thiourea(92.69%) were obtained finally. Three different substituted thiourea derivatives structures were identified and characterized by mass spectrometry, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance methods respectively. I researched and optimized the synthetic route as the following. Firstly,I optimized the reaction conditions, saved energy and improved the efficiency of the labs and shorten the experimental period. Secondly, N-(benzyl)-N'-(benzoyl) thiourea has a yield of 92.69%.Its yield was higher than other reported in the literature. Thirdly, during the experiment, toxic gases, environmental pollution were not produced and the reaction process is simple. In summary, the synthetic route has good prospects for industrial production.

KeyWords: benzoyl isothiocyanate;thiourea;2-methoxyphenyl aniline benzylamine ;3,5-dimethylaniline

1 前言 1

2 综述 1

2.1 硫脲的性质 1

2.2 硫脲的用途 2

2.2.1 工业用途