硼氮改性蓖麻油添加剂的制备及摩擦润滑特性研究

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摘要：通过蓖麻油与单乙醇胺在氢氧化钠的催化下可以进行酰胺化反应，反应获得酰胺基和羟基等活性基团的氮化蓖麻油（烷醇酰胺（A））；第二步再在对甲基苯磺酸催化下与硼酸发生酯化反应，反应获得硼氮化蓖麻油（C）。考察最适宜的实验反应条件，由实验结果表明：当单乙醇胺与蓖麻油摩尔比1：1，单乙醇胺与蓖麻油反应时间为3小时时，反应进行得比较充分，氮化蓖麻油（烷醇酰胺（A））产物的收率相对较高，可以达到73.4%；第二步硼酸与氮化蓖麻油（A）摩尔比1:1，硼酸与氮化蓖麻油（A）反应时间为3小时时，反应进行得比较充分，硼氮化蓖麻油（C）产物的收率相对较高，可以达到72.1%。利用红外光谱仪测定：位于1668.46.1 cm-1处的峰为酰胺的羰基—N—C=O伸缩振动峰，位于1175.88 cm-1处的峰为酰胺的C—N伸缩振动吸收峰，位于1366.7 cm-1 处的峰为硼酸酯B—O伸缩振动吸收峰，说明产物硼氮化蓖麻油（C）含有氮和硼。采用四球摩擦磨损试验机测定了在100 N加氢基础油中添加不同质量百分含量的硼氮改性蓖麻油的磨斑直径，测定抗磨性能。在相同载荷下，添加1.5%(wt%)硼氮改性蓖麻油抗磨性能最好；与添加传统优良的润滑添加剂T202的最大无咔咬负荷相当，与T202相比在润滑油中硼氮改性蓖麻油使摩擦系数减小得更多，说明硼氮型改性蓖麻油的减摩效果比T202更好；当添加1.5%(wt%)硼氮改性蓖麻油时，加入1%(wt%)T202的硼氮改性蓖麻油抗磨效果最好，二者协同性好。得出硼氮型改性蓖麻油具有明显提高润滑油的承载能力、抗磨减小摩擦的性能，减摩抗磨性能比传统添加剂T202更加优异，是一种新型绿色的润滑添加剂。70051

毕业论文关键词：硼氮改性蓖麻油；减磨；润滑添加剂；绿色

Study on the Preparation and Tribological Lubrication Characteristics of Boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil Additive

Abstract: A nitrided castor oil (alkanolamide (A)) was synthesizied on castor oil and monoethanolamine using the catalyst of sodium hydroxide,which was provided with an active group on an amide group and a hydroxyl group.On the second step ,the boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil was synthesizied on a nitrided castor oil and boric acid under the p-toluenesulfonic acid catalysis. The most suitable reaction conditions is researched . They were shown on experiments that the molar ratio of monoethanolamine to castor oil was 1: 1 and the reaction time was 3 hours and the yield on nitrided castor oil (alkanolamide (A)) was relatively high which could reach 73.4%.On the boron step ,they were shown that the molar ratio of the nitrided castor oil (A) and Boric acid was 1: 1 and the reaction time was 3 hours and the yield on the boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil was relatively high , which could reach 72.1%.It was determined on the infrared spectrometer that the stretching vibration peak of the carbonyl group of the amide -N-C = O was at 1668.46.1 cm-1 and the stretching vibration absorption peak of the amide C-N was at 1175.88 cm-1and the B-O stretching vibration absorption peak of the borate was at 1366.7 cm-1,which showed on that the boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil contained nitrogen and boron.The four-ball test on tribological and lubricant characteristic was researched. The wear scar diameter of boron-nitrogen modified castor oil with different mass percent was determined on 100N hydrogenated base oil on the load of 196N,which symbolized on the excellent anti-wear characteristic.Under the same load, it’s the best content on 1.5% (wt%) of the boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil equivalent to the maximum no-bite load PB of the excellent traditional lubricant additive T202. The friction coefficient on the boron - nitrogen modified Castor Oil under different was less than their T202.It’s shown on that the anti-friction effect on the boron-nitrogen modified castor oil was better than their T202.It’s the excellent anti-wear effect on content of 1.5% (wt%) boron-nitrogen modified castor oil, the addition of 1% (wt%) T202, and their synergism was good.It was concluded that boron-nitrogen modified castor oil had the advantages of improving the loading capacity of lubricating oil, enhancing anti-wear and anti-friction and reducing the friction coefficient etc. The anti-friction and anti-wear performance on the boron-nitrogen modified castor oil was better than the traditional additive T202. the boron-nitrogen modified castor oil was green, which was a new -type lubricant additives and which was worthy of research, application and Promotion.