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摘要稀土素有“工业维生素”之称，是重要的战略性资源。但中国作为稀土出口大国却缺少定价权。为此中国采取了一系列贸易壁垒政策限制稀土出口但招致WTO制裁。在这一背景下，本文试图分析贸易壁垒政策对稀土市场势力的影响，以及如何在取消政策后构建中国稀土的市场势力。首先，本文查阅了相关的文献并对其进行了总结。随后对中国稀土的出口现状进行分析，发现不同政策背景下，中国稀土出口价格存在一系列的变化。进而本文在第四部分中对稀土市场势力进行评估。通过稀土市场结构的初步分析得出中国作为稀土出口大国具有“寡占”地位，但是否拥有市场势力必须对定价权进行进一步检验。通过对中国稀土出口量与世界价格数据进行单位根和协整检验的预处理，再由格兰杰因果性检验发现中国稀土出口量不是世界稀土价格的格兰杰因果。但从2008年-2014年，中国的稀土价格一直带动世界价格的变化，表明中国存在一定的定价权。同时在2008年中国颁布了稀土出口配额管制政策，为了检验贸易壁垒政策是否对稀土定价权产生影响，本文进一步对历年进行了邹的突变点检验。最后得出结论：配额政策、行业准入政策和环境核查制度等贸易壁垒政策对我国稀土定价权存在结构性的影响。并且提出在取消以出口配额为主导的贸易壁垒政策之后通过提高市场集中度、基于生产许可管理的行业重组以及设定资源环境税来构建中国稀土市场势力。47740
Abstract ：Rare-earths as “industrial vitamins” are important strategic resources. China is a major exporter of rare-earths but lack the pricing power. To this end China has adopted a series of trade barriers to restrict exports of rare-earths but finally lead to WTO sanctions.In this context, this paper attempts to analyze the impact of trade barriers on rare-earth market forces, and how to establish the market power of China’s rare-earths after canceling the policy. Firstly, we review the relevant literature and summarize them. Then the status of China's exports of rare-earths are analyzed and found that China's rare-earth export price varies from different policies.In the fourth part of this article we assess the rare earth market forces. Preliminary analysis of rare-earths’ market structure ,we find China as the biggest exporter in rare-earth has a "oligopoly" status.But whether it has market power must be further examined. Preprocessing the China's rare-earth exports by volume and world prices data with unit root and co-integration test, and then discovered by Granger causality test that China's rare-earth export volume is not the world's rare-earth prices Granger. From 2008 to 2014, world prices have been driven by changes in China's rare-earth prices , indicating the presence of China’s pricing power. In 2008 China issued a rare-earth export quota control policy, in order to examine whether the barriers have a impact on rare-earth’s price, we further have a Chow point mutation test. Finally we draw a conclusion that quota , the access of industry and environmental verification regime policies and other trade barriers have a structural impact on China's rare-earth pricing. To establish the China’s rare-earth market power in the context of canceling export quota policy--oriented trade barriers ,we can increase the market concentration, restructure industry by setting production license management、 resources and environment taxes to improve China's rare-earth market power.
毕业论文关键词：稀土出口；市场势力 ；贸易壁垒政策
Keyword: Rare Earth Export；Market Forces； Trade barriers
目 录
1引言 4
1.1研究背景和意义