人民币升值背景下我国外贸企业的外汇风险管理

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摘要：2005年之前，我国长期实行盯住汇率制，以美元结算的外贸企业基本上不受汇率影响。长此以往，企业形成了一种安逸心理，对汇率波动带来的风险不敏感。05年汇改——由单一的浮动汇率制改为实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度，我国汇率基本实行市场化，汇率开始更多的表现市场因素，而且人民币汇率波动区间进一步扩大，根据汇率传递理论，汇率变动引起进出口价格的变动，人民币汇率的长期升值压缩了产品的利润空间，再加上近年来原材料成本、人力成本等大幅上涨，压缩了产品的利润空间，使这些企业难以生存，产品竞争力在很大程度上被削弱。首先，本文对外汇风相关理论进行了简单的阐述，例如外汇风险概念、种类、成因以及外汇风险管理的概念、种类和方法；其次，对人民升值背景下我国外贸企业的风险管理管理现状进行了分析，并对中石油海外投资失败案例进行分析，总结了其在风险管理方面进行的改进措施，为提出企业外汇风险防范对策的提出奠定了一定的理论基础；最后，基于对目前我国金融市场现状以及外贸企业外汇风险管理中出现的问题，从企业把控风险，使用避险工具，优化产业结构等方面，从不同角度站在不同立场，提出了相关建议。50467

毕业论文关键词：外贸企业人民币升值外汇风险

Foreign exchange risk management of Chinese enterprises under the background of RMB appreciation

Abstract：Since July 21, 2005，china has exchanged rate reform, from single floating exchange rate system changed to introduction to the market supply and demand as the foundation, the reference to a basket of currencies conditioning, a managed floating exchange rate system, forms the richer elastic RMB exchange rate mechanism. Since the reform, the RMB exchange rate appreciation trend. Data show that the RMB against US dollar exchange rate devalued form the reform of the 8.2765 to the = 6 era, 2006 - 2014 years, the cumulative appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar 29.78%. Period, although the RMB exchange rate also showed a trend of two-way fluctuations, but the way，the tendency is still growing. However,the, foreign trade enterprises,has suffered a lot,with the appreciation of the RMB to make foreign trade enterprise product competitiveness is being undermined, add on for these years, our labor costs, raw material costs greatly increases and other factors, how to further enhance the risk management efforts to prevent fan and respond to risk has become a major issue that foreign trade enterprises must pay more attention to and come up with solves. First, the related theories such as foreign exchange risk concept, causes, types of simple exposition; secondly, the foreign exchange risk management concepts were general analysis, introduced in the context of the appreciation of the RMB foreign exchange risks of enterprises, and a foreign trade enterprise as an example, analyzes the under this background, the enterprise foreign exchange risk and the enterprise management measures, and offered correlative advises. Finally, with study of the past, on such basis and the analysis of foreign exchange risk in China's foreign trade enterprises, and puts forward the strategies of China's enterprise management of foreign exchange risk under the background of the appreciation of the RMB.

Key Words：Foreign Trading Company, appreciation of the RMB, Foreign Exchange Exposure，Futures

一、绪论 - 1 -

（一）研究背景和意义 - 1 -

1.研究背景 - 1 -

2.研究意义 - 2 -

（二）国内外研究现状