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摘要中国作为水产品出口大国，长期以来水产品的出口额占农产品大宗商品的出口首位，但是中国水产品出口竞争力却不高，易受出口市场的贸易壁垒的限制。本文通过对中国水产品的RCA指数的测算，发现与世界水产品出口大国相比，中国水产品出口竞争力较弱。因此，本文进一步测算中国沿海省份水产品出口RCA指数，分析水产品出口竞争力的影响因素，发现港口效率对水产品竞争力存在一定的影响，进而对我国沿海港口进行测算。运用deap2.1软件，选择港口泊位数量和码头泊位长度作为投入指标，港口货物吞吐总量作为产出指标，计算1995年~2014年中国沿海各港口的港口效率值，再通过权重进一步计算沿海各省的港口效率和中国港口的平均港口效率。对中国沿海港口效率和水产品RCA进行格兰杰因果检验，发现港口效率对水产品RCA存在单向因果关系。进而通过中国各省港口效率和水产品出口RCA指数关系的分析，发现只考虑港口的影响过于片面，故而进一步引入中国水产品出口的影响因素作为变量，对中国港口效率等多个影响因素进行多元回归，发现回归模型同样本数据的拟合度较高，而港口效率变量也通过了5%的置信区间内的t检验，证明了港口效率对水产品出口竞争力存在正相关关系。最后本文主要提出从港口的投入和产出角度，还有建立合理有效的港口竞争方面提高港口效率，进而进一步提高水产品出口竞争力的建议。51486
Abstract: China, as a major exporter of aquatic products, the export of aquatic products have been the first exports of agricultural commodities for a long time, but the Chinese export competitiveness of aquatic products is not high, it is vulnerable to restrictions by trade barriers on the export market. Based on the calculations of Chinese aquatic products RCA index, we found that the exports of aquatic products in China is weaker compared with the world’s major exporter of aquatic products. Therefore, this article further estimated that exports of aquatic products’ RCA index in China's coastal provinces, to analyze the factors of export competitiveness of aquatic products, found that port efficiency there is a certain effect on the competitiveness of aquatic products, and then to estimate the coastal ports’ efficiency in China. Use the software deap2.1, select the number of ports and berths’ length as the input indicators, total port cargo throughput as output indicators, calculated from 1995 to 2014 China's coastal port efficiency, and then calculated the port efficiency of all coastal provinces and average port efficiency of Chinese ports by the weight. To make the coastal port efficiency and aquatic RCA do the Granger causality test, found that port efficiency exists unidirectional causality with the aquatic RCA. Through the analysis of that the coastal provinces’ port efficiency and export of aquatic product, we can found that only consider the impact of the port is too one-sided, and therefore the further introduction of Factors Affecting China's export of aquatic products as a variable for China port efficiency and other factors affecting the multiple regression and found the same high regression model fit the present data, but also variable port efficiency by 5% confidence interval t test, prove the efficiency of the port of export competitiveness of aquatic products are positively correlated. Finally, this paper put forward from the perspective of input and output ports, and to build a reasonable and effective competition in the ports to increase port efficiency, and thus further enhance the export competitiveness of aquatic recommendations.
毕业论文关键词：港口效率，水产品出口，竞争力，投入产出，影响
Key words: port efficiency; export of aquatic product; competitiveness
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