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    Automatic detection technology is a new discipline developed in recent years. It can automatically detect some technical requirements, difficulty and time-consuming, and can be completed in a short time.. It is widely used in the testing and continuous monitoring of the equipment before the factory, and it can also be used for fault detection and fault location of equipment.. As one of the important branches of reliability engineering, automatic detection technology is attached importance to. Its characteristics is under no damage to the parts material and the performance of the, use of advanced detection technology to detect object features and defects, in order to show the performance of the parts, or for industrial processes provide accurate data. The reason why the graduation design for axis parts of the surface defect electromagnetic auto detection parts design.
    The automatic electromagnetic detection of the surface defects of the shaft parts is the electromagnetic property which is presented by the material in the electromagnetic effect, and thus the detection method of the material's performance is detected.. The detection method can be subpided into eddy detection, magnetic particle detection, magnetic flux detection, magnetic memory detection, microwave detection, etc.. Eddy current testing is on the principle of electromagnetic induction for nondestructive detection method based, the detection principle can be described as: when carrying alternating current test coil near a conductor test pieces, due to the effect of alternating magnetic fields generated by the coil in the conductor produces eddy current. The magnitude of the eddy current, the phase and the flow form are affected by the time performance and the defects, and the anti magnetic field of the eddy can change the impedance of the coil.. Thus, by determining the impedance of the test coil, the results of the test can be deduced from the changes of the test performance and the conclusion of the defect.
    Key words: shaft parts; automatic detection; surface defect
    目录
    1 绪论 .. 1
    1.1 课题研究背景 .. 1
    1.2 研究现状、水平和发展趋势 .. 1
    1.2.1 国外研究状况  1
    1.2.2 国内研究状况  2
    1.2.3 发展趋势. 3
    1.3 论文的主要内容和研究目的 .. 3
    1.3.1 主要内容. 3
    1.3.2 研究目的. 4
    2 方案分析.. 4
    2.1 技术要求 4
    2.2原始条件及数据. 4
    2.3 方案设计 4
    2.3.1驱动方式.. 4
    2.3.2 初选方案. 5
    2.3.3 方案选用. 6
    3 结构设计.. 6
    3.1顶尖 6
    3.2顶尖安装盒与顶尖安装. 9
    3.3轴夹紧顶尖座的设计.10
    3.4夹紧气缸连接板和滑块结构的设计.11
    3.5轴类零件放置支架..12
    3.6操作台布局设计13
    4 选型与计算 .13
     4.1气缸计算选型.13
      4.1.1原始数据分析..13
      4.1.2气缸选型.13
     4.2电机与联轴器选型..18
      4.2.1电机选型.18
      4.2.2联轴器选型21
     4.3导轨选型.22
     4.4轴承的选型22
    5总结23
    致谢.25
    参考资料与文献..25
    1 绪论
    1.1 课题研究背景
    轴类零件是众所周知的工业生产中常见的零件，近些年来科技日益发达发展，这导致工业生产中对产品的质量要求越来越高越来越多。实现轴类零件表面缺陷的快速检测对提升工业产品质量与性能保证至关重要。其特点是在不破坏构件材质和使用性能的条件下，运用现代测试技术来确定被检测对象的特征及缺陷，以评价构件的使用性能，或为生产过程的自动化及科研提供可靠数据。因此轴类零件表面缺陷检测技术的发展与工业生产的发展息息相关的，之所以此次毕业设计课题为轴类零件表面缺陷电磁自动检测零件工装设计。
    轴类零件表面缺陷自动电磁检测是利用材料在有一定科技的作用下呈现出来的材料性质，从而判断材料有关性能的实验方法。其可细分为涡流检测，磁粉检测，漏磁检测，磁记忆检测，微波检测等。其中涡流检测是以电磁感应原理为基础的无损检测方法，它的基本检测原理可以描述为：当载有交变电流的试验线圈靠近导体试件时，由于线圈产生的交变磁场的作用会在导体中感生出涡流。涡流的大小，相位及流动形式受到时间性能及有无缺陷的影响，而涡流的反作用磁场又会使线圈的阻抗发生变化。因此，通过测定试验线圈的阻抗变化，就可以推断出被检测试件性能的变化及缺陷的结论。
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