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摘要：鸡肌纤文的生长发育规律与肌肉的品质密切相关，主要的相关肌纤文特性有肌纤文类型、密度和肌纤文的直径，而肌纤文的数量特性在胚胎期就已经确定，影响肌纤文特性的因素有很多，本实验以品种和胚龄为切入点，旨在研究不同品种和不同胚龄鸡胚胎期肌纤文的密度、直径等特性的发育规律以及差异，同时探究 Pax3、Pax7、Mhc、Myod、Myog 基因的遗传效应对肌纤文特性的影响。本实验以白羽鸡与萨索鸡为实验素材，取不同鸡种不同胚龄的胚胎期胸肌和腿肌组织样，染色封片后于显微镜下观察并拍摄清晰图片进行图像分析和统计学处理，并利用PCR技术对五种成肌因子进行表达状况的检测，从而研究五种基因的表达与早期肌纤文发育的关系。结果显示，两种鸡种的肌纤文特性差异明显，主要表现为白羽鸡的肌纤文平均密度要小于萨索鸡，而肌纤文的平均直径要大于萨索鸡。Pax3、Pax7、Mhc、Myod、Myog五个基因在胚胎期胸、腿肌生长发育过程中具有不同的表达模式，并在不同时期发挥了各自不同的重要作用。在严谨的实验过程下，这一结果表明肌纤文密度与肉品质呈显著正相关，肌纤文密度越大，肉质越嫩；肌纤文直径与嫩度呈负相关，因此可认为肌纤文愈细，密度愈大，肉质越鲜嫩。对成肌因子的分析进一步证实了肌纤文的发育受成肌因子的影响重大，为研究肌纤文在胚胎期的发育提供了理论依据。25687
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毕业论文关键词：鸡；胚胎期；肌纤文；成肌因子；肉质
The research on the development of muscle fiber in chicken embryonic period
Abstract: The growth and development of chicken muscle fibers are closely related to the quality of muscle, the main underlying factors are muscle fiber type, density and diameter of muscle fibers,and the number of muscle fibers in the embryonic period has been determined.There are many factors that affect the characteristics of muscle fibers. The aim of this research is to study the developmental characteristics and differences of density and diameter of embryonic muscle fibers in embryos of different breeds and different embryos,and the genetic effects of Pax3, Pax7, Mhc, Myod, Myog and other genes on muscle fiber characteristics. In this study, white feather chicken and Sasso chicken were used as experimental materials, I took different embryos of different embryos at different embryonic stages from these materials,which was made into paraffin sections,and which was stained for some days,after that I observed it under a microscope and taken a clear picture for image analysis and statistical processing. The expression of related Myogenic factors was detected by PCR, in order to study the relationship between the expression of related Myogenic factors and early muscle fiber development.The results show that there have a great differences between the fiber types of two kinds of chicken,the main show is white feather chicken muscle fiber average density less than Sasso chicken,and the average diameter of muscle fiber greater than Sasso chicken.Pax3,Pax7, Mhc, Myod, Myog and other Myogenic factors have different expression patterns during embryonic growth and development of embryos and have played different roles in different periods. In the rigorous experimental process, this result shows that muscle fiber density and meat quality was significantly positive correlation, muscle fiber density, the more tender meat; muscle fiber diameter and tenderness was negatively correlated, it can be considered muscle fiber more fine, The more fresh meat.The analysis of Myogenic factors further confirmed that the development of muscle fibers is affected by myoblasts, which provides a theoretical gist to study the development of muscle fibers during embryonic development.
Key words: chicken; embryonic period; muscle fiber; Myogenic factor; meat
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