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摘要：互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)引种崇明东滩以来，由于其强适应性、扩散能力以及竞争力，现已大面积分布于整个滩涂湿地，对崇明东滩湿地的芦苇(Phragmites australis)等土著植物生长和生态环境造成了巨大影响。从黄酮类物质含量方面对互花米草和本土植物芦苇的各个器官进行研究比较，对探讨入侵机制具有重要意义。首先用互花米草和芦苇的叶片作为样本，以NaNO2-Al(NO3)3法找出互花米草和芦苇提取黄酮类物质的最佳条件。然后以芦丁为标准参照物研究互花米草和芦苇在1月3月7月10月四个时期地下茎、茎、叶等不同器官中黄酮含量的差异。结果表明，互花米草黄酮类物质的最佳提取条件为：酒精浓度70%、水浴温度80℃、水浴时间1.5h。芦苇黄酮类物质的最佳提取条件为：酒精浓度80%、水浴温度80℃、水浴时间1.5h。互花米草中的黄酮类物质含量高于芦苇中黄酮类物质的含量，互花米草叶片一年平均所含的总黄酮量高于芦苇约37.99%。我们的结果说明，黄酮类物质可能是互花米草成功入侵，抑制本土植物生长的关键因素之一，是探索互花米草入侵机制的一个方向。37713
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毕业论文关键词： 互花米草；芦苇；黄酮；生物入侵。
Comparison onflavonoids contents of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis
Abstract：Since Spartina alterniflora introduced Chongming Dongtan Wetland. because of its adaptability, diffusion capacity and competitiveness,it has been distributed throughout a large area of tidal wetlands, indigenous plant salt marsh reeds and other growth and environment caused a tremendous impact. From the content of flavonoids in terms of Spartina alterniflora and native plants Phragmites australis Studies comparing various organs, to investigate the intrusion mechanism is important. First,leaves of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis will be a sample. Find the optimum extraction conditions of flavonoids in Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis by reaction with NaNO2 and Al(NO3)3.Then Using rutin as standard，research the differences of the flavonoid content in the rhizome, stems, leaves of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis in the January, March, July and October.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions of flavonoids in Spartina alterniflora is alcohol concentration 70%,bath temperature 80℃ and bath time 1.5h. The optimum extraction conditions of flavonoids in Phragmites australis is alcohol concentration 80%,bath temperature 80℃ and bath time 1.5h. Flavonoids content in Spartina alterniflora is obviously higher than Phragmites australis’s. And the The annual average flavonoids content in Spartina alterniflora’s leaves is about 37.99%. In addition, Flavonoids may be one of the key factors in Spartina alterniflora’s invasion and inhibiting the growth of native plants. And it’s a direction of exploring the invasion mechanisms of Spartina alterniflora.
KeyWords：Spartina alterniflora；Phragmites australis；flavonoids；biological invasion
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract I
目录 III
1 引言 1
1.1 互花米草简介 1
1.1.1 互花米草的价值 1
1.1.2 互花米草的危害 2
1.1.3 互花米草在我国的分布 3
1.2 芦苇简介 3
1.3 黄酮类物质的作用 4
1.4 植物的根、茎、叶 4
1.5 互花米草国内外研究现状 5
1.6 选题依据 5
2 材料与方法 6
2.1 研究材料6
2.2 实验方法 6
2.2.1 测定两种植物总黄酮的最佳提取条件6
2.2.2 两种植物各个时期各器官的总黄酮测定 7
3 结果与分析 7
3.1 芦苇黄酮类物质的最佳提取条件7