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摘要临床常用的皮试方法是皮内试验、点刺试验和斑贴试验等，可以为过敏性疾病的诊断提供必需信息。然而以上三种皮试方法均有各自的局限性，如皮内试验和点刺试验存在明显的痛感，既损伤了皮肤又增加了感染风险，并且皮内试验还存在给药过量风险，甚至可能在试验过程中导致休克甚至死亡，而斑贴试验揭开贴膜的过程也伴随明显疼痛，并且耗时较长。近几年，专家学者们一直在进行这方面的研究，寻找无痛感、损伤小且快速简便的透皮给药方法。激光冲击波透皮给药便是众多给药方法中临床应用难度小前景较好的一种，其药剂量小于皮内注射法，无损伤，透皮微量给药不存在给药过量风险，过程快捷、操作简便。但是由于激光参数与冲击力的关系目前尚不明确，其对皮试效果的影响也有待给出系统的研究数据，所以距离投入临床应用仍有一段距离。
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本文使用课题组自行研制的薄片式激光冲击波能量转换装置（多层结构激光换能片）进行组胺透皮试验，实验现象显示使用双氧水作为皮肤预处理剂，可使皮肤红斑反应更加明显。本文也针对激光冲击波透皮给药过程中的两大渗透机制在特定参数下进行了实验，结果表明前期的冲击挤压作用与后续的渗透作用同时存在，而后者所占份额要多于前者。30546
本文同时应用COMSOL软件对药液盒（小圆柱）内部的压力波传递过程进行了仿真模拟，获得模拟数据，与实验中的情况进行比较，取得了有意义的信息。
关键词： 过敏反应，激光冲击波，COMSOL软件仿真
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Transdermal Histamine Reaction Test Through Laser Shock Wave And Its Influencing Factors
Abstract
Intradermal test, prick test and patch test, which are commonly used in clinical skin test, not only could largely avoid serious drug allergies but also provide necessary diagnostic information for allergic diseases. There are the following problems for intradermal test and skin prick test: the obvious pain which increases the risk of infection from skin injury; the overdose risk in the test which can cause shock or even death during the test; the longer time for patch test and the obvious pain from removing the patch.Over these years, researchers have been exploring non-invasive, fast, convenient and painless skin test methods such as laser shock transdermal. This method is non-invasive transdermal administration of trace, the dose of which is far less than the intrademal injection, and it is fast and easily-operated. However, present research is not sufficient, such as, there's no explicit report of how to control the impact or what effects of this method will have.
In this paper, the research team used self-developed shock wave energy conversion laser device to operate histamine penetration test,and we found that the pretreatment on the skin surface by peroxide hydrogen could improve the stability of the positive reaction.This article also carried out a series of skin tests by the converting device with specific parameters for the impact action and infiltration during laser blast transdermal administration .The results show the subsequent role of the share was more transparent pre- impact extrusion effect.
In this paper, the pressure wave transfer process of liquid box (small cylinder) inside was simulated by the COMSOL software,then we got some analog data.According to the experimental situation,we made valuable information.
Keywords： Allergies，Laser Shock Wave,COMSOL Software
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