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摘要随着社会的快速发展，人类对钢材的需求量越来越高，对钢铁质量的要求更高了，所以钢材的生产过程和工艺变得很重要了。怎么高效高质量的生产出社会发展所需要的钢材成了各大钢厂研究的技术问题。现在用的比较多的就是连续铸钢，该工艺流程就是用连铸机把高温下液态的钢水经过结晶器冷凝处理，使其变成各种想要的形状的铸坯。因为这个方法节不仅节约能源，还有很高的效率，钢材浪费少，回收率很高。所以连铸工艺已经成为了现在炼钢行业的主流方法。连铸机的重要组成部分就是结晶器，然而结晶器的质量好不好取决于结晶器的液位控制和振动技术。结晶器的液位受钢水的温度、拉钢坯的速度，冷凝水的温度和流量的影响，这些因素之间相互影响。 结晶器液位控制系统的基本功能是保证结晶器液位稳定。要想改善和提高铸坯的质量，提升工艺到更高的层次，必须保持结晶器液位的稳定。因为只有结晶器液位稳定，它才能使夹渣降到最少。使结晶器处于润滑状态， 保证钢水冷凝条件的平稳，得到更好的铸坯。在连铸的生产中，还要保持结晶器不停的振动，因为铸坯在形成的过程中极其容易与器壁产生粘连，导致拉坯困难，甚至产生钢水泄漏，阻塞钢水溢出的情况，容易出现人员伤亡。为了保证连铸生产的安全性，高效率性，要合理运用结晶器振动技术。确保连铸生产工艺的高质量，高产量有着很深远的意义。然而，为了保证炼钢连铸结晶器的液位稳定和铸坯良好形成，我设计使用S7-400 PLC的实现该工艺的自动化控制。利用PLC的PID调节功能闭环控制和液位检测传感器来达到对结晶器液位的精确控制，为了避免连铸过程中钢坯的冷凝粘连在器壁上，运用了结晶器的非正弦振动技术，满足连铸机安全高效生产的要求。46274
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毕业论文关键词： 结晶器 非正弦振动 液位传感器 PID调节 S7-400 WINCC 电动缸
ABSTRACT With the rapid development of society, the human demand for steel is higher and higher, higher requirement for the quality of steel, so the production process and technology of the steel becomes very important. How efficient and high quality production out of the social development need steel become each big steel mills research technical issues. Now with more is the continuous casting, the process is the high temperature liquid steel by continuous casting machine through crystallizer condensing processing, make it become a variety of desired shape slab. Day because this method not only save energy and high efficiency, less waste steel, high recovery rate. So continuous casting technology has become the mainstream method of steel industry now. Is an important part of the continuous caster crystallizer, however the quality of the mould is good depends on the level control of mold and vibration technology. The liquid level of liquid steel temperature, cooling water temperature and flow rate and casting speed, and the interaction between various factors. Mold liquid level control system of the basic function is to guarantee the stability of mould level. Want to improve and improve the quality of the slab, improve process to a higher level, must maintain the stability of mould level. Because only the mould liquid level stable, it can make slag to a minimum. Make the mould in the lubrication state, guarantee the smooth steel condensation conditions, better casting. In continuous casting production, but also keep the crystallizer vibration, because the casting billet in the process of forming extremely easy and adhesion to the wall, difficult in throwing, even molten steel leakage, blocking the overflow of molten steel, prone to injuries. In order to guarantee the safety of the continuous casting production, efficient willfulness, to reasonable use of crystallizer vibration technology. To ensure the high quality of continuous casting production process, high yield has very profound significance. However, in order to guarantee the stability of steelmaking continuous casting crystallizer liquid level and forming good, I design using S7-400 PLC to realize the process automation control. Regulating function of the PID closed-loop control using PLC and liquid level detection sensor to achieve precise control of mould level, in order to avoid alignment billet in the process of condensation adhesion in the wall, use the mold non-sinusoidal vibration technology, to meet the requirements of the safe and efficient production of caster.
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