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摘 要柴油机作为现代社会的主要动力装置，被广泛应用于船舶领域。因此，研究柴油机的各方面性能，使其趋向于功率更高，经济性能好，可靠性高等诸多优点在全世界范围内已经成为一个重要课题，为了更方便的研究柴油机的各种性能，计算机仿真建模已成为不可替代的重要手段，根据建模的原理，复杂程度，需要研究的内容，应用范围的不同，已经有各种不同的建模方法可供选择。本文根据船舶柴油机以及涡轮增压器的个部分原理，以MATLAB/Simulink 仿真软件为平台，建立了一个柴油机平均值模型，将柴油机与涡轮增压器分为中冷，压气机，进气管，气缸，排气管，涡轮等诸多部分，然后对于柴油机转速模拟控制环节进行了传统 PID控制，从而分析传统PID控制算法存在的问题，进而通过将模糊控制的方法运用在传统 PID控制上，设计出模糊自整定 PID 控制器，利用模糊自整定 PID 控制器对柴油机进行转速控制，从而分析模糊自整定 PID控制相比于传统PID控制具备的优势。58593
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毕业论文关键词： 船舶柴油机；传统 PID 控制；模糊控制；平均值模型；MATLAB/Simulink
Abstract Diesel engine as the main power plant in modern society, is widely used in the field ofship. Therefore, it has become an important topic to study the performance of diesel enginein various aspects, which tend to be of higher power, good economic performance and highreliability, For more convenient on diesel engine performance, computer simulation hasbecome an irreplaceable and important means, according to the principle of modeling, thedegree of complexity, it is necessary to study the content, scope of application of different,there have been a variety of different modeling methods are available. In this paper,according to the principle of marine diesel engine and turbocharger, theMATLAB/Simulink simulation software is the platform, A mean value model of dieselengine is established, The diesel engine and turbocharger are pided into the middle andcold, compressor, air inlet pipe, cylinder, exhaust pipe, turbine and so on. Then, thetraditional PID control is carried out for the simulation control of the diesel engine speed,so as to analyze the problems existing in the traditional PID control algorithm,, and thenthrough the fuzzy control method is used in the traditional PID control, design a fuzzyself-tuning PID controller using fuzzy self-tuning PID controller for speed control of dieselengine, so as to analyze the fuzzy self-tuning PID control compared to conventional PIDcontrol has the advantage.
Key words: marine diesel engine；traditional PID control；fuzzy control；averagemodel；MATLAB/Simulink
目录
第一章绪论...1
1.1课题的目的和意义...1
1.2船舶柴油机仿真国内外发展概况及存在的问题..1
1.3课题研究主要内容...3
第二章船舶柴油机模型的建立4
2.1建立船舶柴油机模型....4
2.2船舶柴油机模型的组成部分.4
2.2.1压气机...5
2.2.2中冷器...6
2.2.3船舶柴油机本体.7
2.2.4进气管...9
2.2.5排气管.10
2.2.6涡轮11
2.3MATLAB软件介绍...11
2.4本章小结...13
第三章PID控制概述.14
3.1模拟PID控制器14
3.2数字PID控制....15
3.2.1位置式PID控制算法15
3.2.2增量式PID控制算法16
3.3本章小结...17
第四章模糊控制理论....18
4.1模糊理论的创立18
4.2国内外模糊控制理论的发展状况.18
4.3模糊控制理论的基本结构与原理.18
4.3.1一般模糊控制系统基本原理...19
4.3.2模糊控制器设计方法20
4.4模糊自整定PID控制器结构....20
4.5PID参数自整定设计基本思路21